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Spanish Vokabeln

9840 Wörter in 206 Listen, nach Themen geordnet und jedes mit einem Beispielsatz, in dem es wirklich vorkommt. Alles auf dieser Seite lässt sich auch üben — abfragen lassen kann man sich jede Liste einzeln oder alle zusammen.

Warum ausgerechnet diese Wörter — der Maßstab steht weiter unten.

Die 206 Listen

Nach Themen und nicht nach dem Alphabet: Wörter, die zusammen vorkommen, lernt man zusammen leichter. Wer bill, tip und receipt in einer Runde übt, hat danach eine Situation im Kopf und nicht drei Vokabeln.

206 Karten nebeneinander wären ein Regal und kein Überblick. Sie stehen deshalb unter ihren 0 Kategorien — wer ein Gebiet sucht statt einer Liste, umziehen, zum Arzt gehen, einen Job anfangen, springt direkt dorthin. Jede Kategorie lässt sich auch am Stück abfragen.

Noch ohne Kategorie206 Listen

A1Greetings and politenessThe words every conversation starts with.40 WörterA1People, articles and question wordsThe words no sentence stands without.46 WörterA1Numbers and timeCounting, telling the time, making an appointment.57 WörterA1The most important verbsThe verbs that will say almost anything.56 WörterA1Person and familyWho you are and who belongs to you.40 WörterA1Food and drinkFrom breakfast to the bill.43 WörterA1Living and the householdYour own four walls and what stands in them.33 WörterA1The body and healthBeing able to say what hurts.32 WörterA1Colours and qualitiesDescribing something you cannot point at.34 WörterA1The town and finding your wayGetting your bearings and asking the way.39 WörterA1ClothesWhat you put on and how you buy it.34 WörterA1Weather and seasonsThe conversation every other conversation starts with.28 WörterA1Everyday words A1The words that stand between all the others.34 WörterA1Months, tens and what was missing between themFour months, six tens and the verbs of the first day.49 WörterA1What lies about the roomSixteen everyday things the basic vocabulary had missed.17 WörterA2Shopping and moneyFrom the market to the till, and what the cashier says.54 WörterA2Travel and transportTicket, platform, room — and what the announcement says.42 WörterA2Work and the jobWhat you do, where you do it and how to ask about it.44 WörterA2School and learningLessons, exams, marks — and two words for « to learn ».40 WörterA2Free time and sportSaturday, and the verbs it is made of.40 WörterA2Renting a flatThe contract, the fittings and the things that break.43 WörterA2Appointments and arrangementsFixing a time, moving it, and the telephone in between.40 WörterA2Feelings and characterHow somebody is, and how somebody is today.40 WörterA2Animals and the countrysideWhat lives outside, and what it lives in.40 WörterA2Devices and paperworkFrom the screen to the counter at the town hall.46 WörterA2At the restaurantOrdering, sharing, and paying at the counter.40 WörterA2Words for everythingThe joins: the words that hold a sentence together.50 WörterA2Core verbs and their companyThe frequent verbs that no topic list contained.48 WörterA2Verbs of doing and causingThe verbs this site itself keeps using.50 WörterA2Words for facts and thingsThe nouns you need in order to talk about anything.50 WörterA2Qualities and relationsThe quiet adjectives, and the words that place things.52 WörterB1At the government counterThe words you cannot get past the desk without.50 WörterB1At the doctor's and the chemist'sSaying what hurts, and understanding the reply.50 WörterB1Emergencies and safetyThe words for the minute after something goes wrong.50 WörterB1Finding a flat and signing for itFrom the advertisement to the notice, with the small print in between.50 WörterB1The bank and the post officePaying in, taking out, sending, collecting.52 WörterB1The car and the garageFilling up, parking, breaking down — and describing the noise.50 WörterB1Cooking and recipesReading a recipe without burning anything.50 WörterB1Celebrations and invitationsInviting, congratulating, apologising — and when to arrive.50 WörterB1Giving an opinion and arguingAgreeing, disagreeing, conceding — without giving offence.50 WörterB1The news and the mediaReading a news item without a dictionary every third word.50 WörterB1Studying and examinationsEnrolling, sitting, passing — and what the transcript says.50 WörterB1Training and competitionSigning up, training, winning, getting hurt.50 WörterB1Art and cultureGoing to the museum, and having something to say afterwards.50 WörterB1The environment and the climateSorting, saving, using up — and beyond the weather.50 WörterB1Measurements, quantities, changeBigger, heavier, twice as much — and by how much.50 WörterB1Friendship and relationshipsMeeting, falling out, making up — and talking about it.50 WörterB1Shopping onlineOrdering, tracking, sending back — and getting the money.50 WörterB1Hotels and places to stayFrom the booking to the complaint at reception.40 WörterB1Applying and being interviewedWhat the advert says, what you write, what you are asked.50 WörterB1The contract and the payslipWhat is signed, what is deducted, what is left.40 WörterB1Words for everything (B1)Qualifying, giving reasons, softening — and starting the next sentence.40 WörterB1Officialdom and formsThe words you need exactly when you cannot look them up.43 WörterB1The post office and the accountWhat is needed at the counter and in online banking.38 WörterB1Eating outFrom the table to the tip.30 WörterB1Shopping onlineOrdering, waiting, sending back, complaining.30 WörterB1At the doctor and at the chemistSaying what hurts — and understanding what to do.34 WörterB1Emergencies and safetyThe words for the day something goes wrong.32 WörterB1The hotel and where you sleepBooking, arriving, and saying what is wrong.31 WörterB1Parties and celebrationsInviting, congratulating, raising a glass.30 WörterB1The beach and the seasideHiring a lounger, keeping out of the sun, watching the water.36 WörterB1Camping and the camper vanBooking a pitch, putting the tent up, finding power and water.34 WörterB1On the telephone and in the diaryThe set phrases the telephone insists on.31 WörterB2Politics and societyVoting, governing, arguing — the words in every news bulletin.50 WörterB2The economy and the firmTurnover, profit, debt, the cycle — the words of the business pages.50 WörterB2Law and the courtsComplaint, proceedings, hearing, judgment — and who speaks for whom.50 WörterB2Science and researchTrial, sample, result — and the care taken in describing them.50 WörterB2Technology and dataNetwork, software, data protection — past « phone » and « click ».50 WörterB2The health serviceNot the sore throat, but the system that treats it.50 WörterB2The education systemWhat a Spanish school career is called, stage by stage.50 WörterB2Environmental policyLimits, conditions, transition periods — the environment as a bargain.50 WörterB2The media and journalismHow a story is made — and how to spot a bad one.50 WörterB2History and memoryTalking about the past without judging it.50 WörterB2Psychology and behaviourWhat somebody feels, why they do it, and how to describe both.50 WörterB2Talking about literatureNarrator, structure, style — the words for the text, not the plot.50 WörterB2Talking about film and musicCamera, cutting, casting, sound — past « I liked it ».50 WörterB2The city and its buildingsPlans, façades, density — the city as something somebody decided.50 WörterB2Migration and belongingResidence, citizenship, language — and what « being from here » means.50 WörterB2Money and providing for laterCredit, interest, insurance, tax — what the papers you sign say.50 WörterB2Transport and infrastructureRail, road, port, network — transport as a thing to be planned.50 WörterB2Farming and foodGrowing, origin, labels — what sits behind the price on the shelf.50 WörterB2Talking about languageRegister, varieties, meaning, misunderstanding — words for the tool.50 WörterB2Arguing and objectingThe phrases that carry a position — and those that qualify it again.50 WörterB2Becoming: six verbs for one changeSpanish says how the change happened, not only that it did.50 WörterB2Public administrationApplication, decision, deadline, appeal — and the language they come in.50 WörterB2Social networksWhat you do there, how people talk, and what goes wrong.50 WörterB2Competition and the clubLeague, rule, referee, contract — the sport behind the game.50 WörterB2Ethics and its wordsResponsibility, freedom, ends — and the words to argue about them.50 WörterB2Reading numbersAverage, share, trend — and what a number does not say.50 WörterB2Meetings and negotiatingAgenda, proposal, objection, decision — and staying polite throughout.50 WörterB2Formal lettersGreeting, structure, sign-off — and the phrases you cannot invent.50 WörterB2Belief and its vocabularyWords for something you can only discuss precisely if you have them.50 WörterB2Tourism and heritageWhat a place has to offer — and what it costs the place.50 WörterB2Energy and raw materialsFrom the power station to the bill — and what is lost on the way.50 WörterB2Clothes and what they costCut, cloth, origin — and the bill that is not on the label.49 WörterB2Civil protection and emergenciesWarning level, evacuation, deployment — the language of a big emergency.50 WörterB2International relationsUnion, treaty, mediation — how states talk to one another.50 WörterB2Organising workProject, task, ownership, deadline — how work is planned and replanned.50 WörterB2Population and family lifeBirth rate, ageing, households — and the words people use for them.50 WörterB2Saying feelings more exactlyBetween annoyed and hurt lie five Spanish words; here they are.50 WörterB2Exact adjectivesThe words that replace « interesting » and « odd ».50 WörterB2Time and sequenceDuration, repetition, what came first — the words a story runs on.50 WörterB2Holding a text togetherThe phrases a written text runs on — and that nobody says out loud.51 WörterC1Register and toneThe same thing said politely, curtly, officially, warmly, ironically.50 WörterC1Verbs of sayingClaim, concede, mutter, stress — each verb says how it was said.50 WörterC1Abstract nounsThe nouns with no picture behind them that every report needs.50 WörterC1Set expressionsFixed phrases whose meaning does not follow from the words.50 WörterC1Verb phrasesTwo verbs, one meaning — where English uses a particle.50 WörterC1Employment lawCollective agreement, dismissal, representation — the paper behind a job.50 WörterC1InsurancePolicy, premium, duty, recovery — the words that decide a claim.50 WörterC1Book-keepingAccount, entry, closing — and why a balance sheet always balances.50 WörterC1Computer networksAddressing, forwarding, name resolution — the layer under the browser.50 WörterC1AstronomyOrbits, brightnesses, distances — and the words that state them.50 WörterC1Fine artSupport, technique, condition, attribution — how a catalogue speaks.50 WörterC1Music in technical languageKey, voice-leading, forces, performance — the words of a programme.50 WörterC1The theatreText, rehearsal, stage, performance — all of it before the curtain.50 WörterC1PhotographyExposure, sharpness, light, working up — three dials and their price.50 WörterC1DatabasesTable, key, query, transaction — and why a field may be empty.50 WörterC1Mechanical engineeringMaterial, tolerance, bearing, drive — the vocabulary of a workshop.50 WörterC1Electrical engineeringCable, breaker, earth, certificate — what is measured before sign-off.50 WörterC1Court procedureJurisdiction, evidence, appeal — the steps a file passes through.50 WörterC1The pharmacy and medicinesActive substance, form, interaction — what the leaflet says.50 WörterC1DentistryDecay, root, crown, gum — words for the chair where you cannot talk.50 WörterC1Eye medicineSight, pressure, retina — and what the spectacle prescription says.50 WörterC1Laboratory medicineSample, reference range, report — reading a lab sheet calmly.50 WörterC1PhysiotherapyAssessment, exercise, loading — what is actually said in the clinic.50 WörterC1GeologyRock, layering, faulting, time — reading a landscape as a sequence.50 WörterC1Identifying birdsPlumage, flight, voice, migration — the marks that name a bird.50 WörterC1Forest and timberStand, tending, felling, sawn timber — a crop counted in decades.50 WörterC1Water managementBasin, water right, mains, treatment — who may take how much.50 WörterC1WineGrape, ageing, label, tasting — what the bottle says and what is in it.50 WörterC1Brewing beerMalt, mash, fermentation, conditioning — four things and many choices.50 WörterC1Coffee and teaOrigin, roast, grind, brewing — four dials and one result.50 WörterC1CeramicsClay, throwing, glaze, firing — a craft the kiln decides.50 WörterC1Textile technologyFibre, yarn, weave, finish — what a cloth is before anyone cuts it.50 WörterC1Typography and typesettingSize, spacing, page grid — how a page is built before it is read.50 WörterC1BeekeepingColony, comb, flow, varroa — what is said at the hives.50 WörterC1MiningOre, overburden, blasting, spoil — what comes out and what is left.50 WörterC1Veterinary medicineExamination, vaccination, herd, disease — from the cat to the barn.50 WörterC1Mapping and surveyingScale, contour, projection, parcel — from the pole in the field to the print.50 WörterC1RoboticsArm, path, cycle time, guarding — what is said in a cell before it runs.50 WörterC1OpticsFocal length, diffraction, resolution, laser — mirror to photodetector.50 WörterC1Refrigeration and air conditioningCompressor, evaporator, cold room, duct — where the cold is lost.50 WörterC1WeldingThe arc, the bead, the heat-affected zone — what holds a joint and what lets it go.50 WörterC1Running a building siteWorking drawings, measurement, variations, handover — the language between client, designer and contractor.50 WörterC1Warehousing and logisticsGoods in, storage location, picking, the last mile — what happens between the lorry and the customer.50 WörterC1MeasurementCalibration, uncertainty, tolerance, roughness — what a number rests on before anybody believes it.50 WörterC1Customs and foreign tradeDeclaration, tariff heading, origin, release — how a consignment gets across a border.50 WörterC1SeafaringHull, draught, chart, coming alongside — what is said on board and in port.50 WörterC1AviationWing, take-off weight, flight plan, approach — what is said in the cockpit and in the tower.50 WörterC1Hotels and restaurantsDining room, reception, occupancy, hygiene — how a restaurant and a hotel are run.50 WörterC1Moving houseQuote, boxes, handover record, change of address — what a move in Spain actually takes.50 WörterC1Learning to driveTheory lesson, manoeuvres, right of way, points — what is learned and tested in Spain.50 WörterC1Working remotelyAgreement, availability, video meetings, the end of the day — how work away from the office is arranged.50 WörterC1Parties and electionsLocal branch, list of candidates, threshold, confidence vote — how Spain votes and is governed.50 WörterC1TaxTaxable base, rate, return, inspection — the language between the taxpayer and the tax office.50 WörterC1Data protectionLegal ground, purpose, access, deletion — what a business must do and what a person can ask for.50 WörterC1Pregnancy and birthAntenatal care, labour, birth, the weeks after — the words used in the delivery room and the clinic.50 WörterC1Waste and recyclingSeparating, collecting, sorting, landfill — the road rubbish takes from the bin to being used again.50 WörterC1The goldsmith's craftAlloy, setting, cut, hallmark — how a piece is made and what it is checked against.50 WörterC1Bread and pastryFlour, starter, proving, oven — what is said behind the counter long before anybody buys.50 WörterC1FishingGear, landing, quota, auction — from the net to the box on the market.50 WörterC1GardeningSoil, propagation, pruning, watering — what a garden needs and when it needs it.50 WörterC1HairdressingCutting, colour, perming, care — what is discussed at the chair and mixed in the back room.50 WörterC1Perfume and cosmeticsTop note, concentration, emulsion, ingredient — what is on the bottle and what it means.50 WörterC1A death and what followsCertificate, wake, burial, inheritance — the words nobody learns in advance and everybody needs once.50 WörterC1Archives and librariesRecords, description, shelfmark, strongroom — how paper is ordered, found and kept.50 WörterC1Translating and interpretingSource text, target text, terminology, certification — the craft this site is made of.50 WörterC1Advertising and marketingBrief, campaign, audience, reach — how an advertisement is made and what it is measured by.50 WörterC1Museum workCollection, loan, display, learning — what happens behind the case before anybody comes in.50 WörterC1Customer serviceEnquiry, complaint, escalation, fix — the language of the counter, the telephone and the inbox.50 WörterC1Quality managementStandard, process, deviation, audit — how a firm shows that it does what it says.50 WörterC1Buying and procurementNeed, tender, framework, supplier — how a firm buys what it does not make itself.50 WörterC1Banking and creditAccount, creditworthiness, mortgage, security — what stands at the counter and in the contract.50 WörterC1The economy as a wholeGrowth, inflation, interest, the state budget — the figures named on the radio and rarely explained.50 WörterC1Personnel workJob profile, selection, settling in, parting — the language of the personnel office.50 WörterC1Speaking in publicStructure, voice, slide, question — what carries a talk, and the phrases that steer it.50 WörterC1Light conversationStarting, keeping on, dodging, ending — the phrases for talk nobody is obliged to have.50 WörterC1The butcher's tradeCut, ageing, curing, sausage — what is told apart behind the counter, and why.50 WörterC1The mountainsRoute, rope, belay, weather window — what is planned, secured and called off on a mountain.50 WörterC1Social workIntake, care plan, benefit, network — the language between the office, the service and the living room.50 WörterC1The audit of accountsPlanning, sample, evidence, opinion — how a set of accounts is examined and judged.50 WörterC1Emergency medical serviceCall, triage, first treatment, handover — what happens between the telephone and the hospital door.50 WörterC1Giving feedbackObservation, effect, request, follow-up — how criticism is said so that it does not land as an attack.50 WörterC1Words for thinking things overNorm, judgement, example, objection — what an argument about anything is made of.48 WörterC1Weighing and objectingException, objection, demand — what a claim is tested with.50 WörterC2RhetoricProof, arrangement, figure, delivery — the terms a speech has been described with for two thousand years.50 WörterC2Literary figuresMetaphor, metonymy, hyperbaton, alliteration — the names for what a text does with language.50 WörterC2Verse and metreCounting syllables, measure, rhyme, stanza — how a Spanish poem is built.50 WörterC2Literary theoryText, author, reader, canon — the terms literature is argued about with.50 WörterC2Latin phrasesFormulas left untranslated in Spanish law, in scholarship and in the newspaper.50 WörterC2Formal turns of phraseSet phrases that live in the essay, the judgment and the leading article, and almost never in talk.50 WörterC2Regional variantsWords that are said differently, or meant differently, on the two sides of the Atlantic.50 WörterC2SemioticsSign, signifier, signified, code — how meaning is made and where it slips.50 WörterC2EpistemologyKnowledge, justification, truth, doubt — the terms philosophy uses to talk about knowing itself.50 WörterC2Formal logicProposition, connective, quantifier, proof — the language in which an inference can be checked.50 WörterC2Pure mathematicsSet, map, structure, theorem — the language mathematics is written in.50 WörterC2Quantum physicsState, superposition, measurement, entanglement — the terms the theory is described in.50 WörterC2CosmologyExpansion, background radiation, dark matter — how the universe as a whole is described.50 WörterC2Molecular geneticsGenome, transcription, regulation, mutation — how a sequence becomes a trait.50 WörterC2ImmunologyAntigen, antibody, tolerance, memory — how the body tells what belongs to it.50 WörterC2NeuroscienceNeuron, synapse, network, plasticity — how the brain is described without explaining itself.50 WörterC2PharmacologyActive substance, dose, half-life, trial — how a medicine works and how that is shown.50 WörterC2Information securityAttack surface, vulnerability, incident, recovery — the language of the defence.50 WörterC2ArchaeologyExcavation, stratification, dating, interpretation — how earth becomes evidence.50 WörterC2HistoriographySource, criticism, interpretation, memory — how the past is made into history.50 Wörter

Warum ausgerechnet diese Wörter

Jede Vokabelseite behauptet, die wichtigsten Wörter zu haben. Kaum eine sagt, woran sie das misst. Hier steht es, denn ohne einen Maßstab ist „wichtig" nur ein anderes Wort für „uns eingefallen".

Der Maßstab dieser Liste ist nicht die Häufigkeit in Texten, sondern die Reichweite im Alltag: Mit wie vielen Situationen kommt man durch, wenn man dieses Wort kann und das andere nicht? Deshalb steht hier appointment und nicht whereas, obwohl beide in Texten ähnlich oft vorkommen — nach einem Termin wird man gefragt, und whereas kann man umschreiben.

Praktisch heißt das vier Regeln, die für jedes einzelne Wort galten:

  • Es kommt in einer Situation vor, die jeder hat. Einkaufen, krank sein, nach dem Weg fragen, sich verabreden, ein Formular ausfüllen. Fachwortschatz steht nicht hier, egal wie häufig er in seinem Fach ist.
  • Es lässt sich nicht in zwei Wörtern umschreiben. Wer to postpone nicht kennt, sagt to move it to later — deshalb steht es auf B1 und nicht auf A2.
  • Es hat einen Beispielsatz, der etwas erklärt. Ein Wort ohne Satz ist eine Zeile in einem Wörterbuch. Jedes Wort hier steht in einem Satz, in dem es wirklich vorkommt — nicht in einem, der es erwähnt.
  • Es steht genau einmal. Dass ein Wort in zwei Listen auftaucht, klingt harmlos und ist es nicht: Wer beide durchgeht, hält sich für weiter, als er ist. Das prüft der Bau; beim Schreiben hat es zwei Dutzend Doppelungen gefunden.

Die Auswahl ist damit eine Entscheidung dieses Projekts und keine Messung. Sie ist begründet, nachlesbar und angreifbar — was mehr ist, als eine Zahl ohne Herkunft leisten würde.

Die Stufen

Jedes Wort trägt die Stufe, ab der man es braucht. Ein A1-Wort ist nicht einfacher auszusprechen als ein B2-Wort — es kommt nur früher vor. Die Frage lautet also nicht, wie schwer ein Wort ist, sondern ab wann man ohne es nicht weiterkommt: grandmother ist lang und steht auf A1, weil jeder eine hat; to entail ist kurz und steht ganz oben, weil man jahrelang ohne es auskommt.

Die rechte Spalte ist der Maßstab. Er steht hier, damit die Einstufung nachzuprüfen ist statt zu glauben — und weil eine Stufe ohne ihre Frage nur ein Etikett wäre.

StufeWörter Die Frage, die sie beantwortet
A1582Kommt man ohne dieses Wort durch den ersten Tag? Wer es nicht hat, steht stumm da.
A2725Braucht man es für eine gewöhnliche Besorgung — einkaufen, reisen, einen Termin machen, von gestern erzählen?
B11382Braucht man es, um zu erzählen, zu begründen oder etwas zu regeln, das schiefgegangen ist? Es benennt eine Sache aus einem Bereich statt aus dem Alltag.
B22003Trägt es eine Abstraktion oder ein Fachgebiet — oder ist es die genauere Fassung eines Wortes, das man schon hat?
C14148Ändert es den Ton statt den Inhalt? Sagt es dasselbe vorsichtiger oder förmlicher — oder ist es idiomatisch und aus seinen Teilen nicht zu erschließen?
C21000Fällt es einem Muttersprachler auf, wenn man es knapp danebenbenutzt?

Alle 9840 Wörter abfragen

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