C1 · 50 words
Optics in Spanish
Focal length, diffraction, resolution, laser — mirror to photodetector.
El foco is the point where a lens brings the rays together, and English says « focus » for that too. Then the Spanish word goes on working. El foco is the spotlight over a stage; across much of Latin America it is the light bulb in the ceiling; and el foco de la infección is where an outbreak started, which English calls the source or the seat of it. All of them are the place something comes out of, gathered to a point — which is what the Latin word for a hearth meant before any of this.
The words
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Phrase (37)
la lente convergentethe lens that brings rays togetherPhraseC1
La lente convergente junta los rayos en un punto.The lens that brings rays together brings them to a point.
la lente divergentethe lens that spreads them apartPhraseC1
La lente divergente separa el haz.The lens that spreads them apart opens the beam out.
la potencia dióptricathe bending power of a lensPhraseC1
La potencia dióptrica es la inversa de la focal.The bending power of a lens is one over the focal length.
el foco de la lentethe point where the rays meetPhraseC1
El foco de la lente quema el papel.The point where the rays meet will scorch paper.
el eje ópticothe line through the middle of every elementPhraseC1
El eje óptico atraviesa el centro de cada elemento.The line through the middle of every element runs through them all.
la apertura numéricahow wide a cone of light a lens takes inPhraseC1
La apertura numérica limita lo que se puede separar.How wide a cone of light a lens takes in sets what can be told apart.
el índice de refracciónhow much a material slows light downPhraseC1
El índice de refracción del agua es mayor que el del aire.How much a material slows light down is greater for water than for air.
la reflexión totalthe bouncing back when the angle is too shallowPhraseC1
La reflexión total guía la luz por la fibra.The bouncing back when the angle is too shallow keeps the light in the fibre.
la interferencia luminosathe pattern two waves make togetherPhraseC1
La interferencia luminosa deja franjas claras y oscuras.The pattern two waves make together leaves light and dark stripes.
la polarización de la luzthe sorting of light waves into one planePhraseC1
La polarización de la luz apaga el reflejo del agua.The sorting of light waves into one plane kills the glare off water.
la longitud de ondathe length of one wavePhraseC1
La longitud de onda decide el color.The length of one wave decides the colour.
el espectro visiblethe band of light the eye can seePhraseC1
El espectro visible es una franja estrecha.The band of light the eye can see is a narrow strip.
la dispersión cromáticathe splitting of white light into coloursPhraseC1
La dispersión cromática abre el arcoíris en el prisma.The splitting of white light into colours opens the rainbow in a prism.
la aberración esféricathe blur a curved surface leaves at the edgePhraseC1
La aberración esférica emborrona el borde.The blur a curved surface leaves at the edge softens it.
la aberración cromáticathe colour fringe a lens leavesPhraseC1
La aberración cromática deja un halo de color.The colour fringe a lens leaves shows at high contrast.
la distorsión de barrilthe bending of straight lines outwardsPhraseC1
La distorsión de barril curva las líneas rectas.The bending of straight lines outwards curves them.
el recubrimiento antirreflejosthe coating that stops reflectionsPhraseC1
El recubrimiento antirreflejos se ve violeta al sesgo.The coating that stops reflections looks violet at an angle.
el espejo cóncavothe mirror curved inwardsPhraseC1
El espejo cóncavo concentra la luz del sol.The mirror curved inwards gathers the sunlight.
el espejo convexothe mirror curved outwardsPhraseC1
El espejo convexo abre el campo en el cruce.The mirror curved outwards widens the view at a junction.
el prisma ópticothe wedge of glass that splits the coloursPhraseC1
El prisma óptico separa los colores.The wedge of glass that splits the colours splits them.
el haz de luzthe beam of lightPhraseC1
El haz de luz se ve gracias al polvo.The beam of light shows up thanks to the dust.
la red de difracciónthe ruled plate that spreads a spectrumPhraseC1
La red de difracción reparte el espectro.The ruled plate that spreads a spectrum lays it out.
el microscopio ópticothe microscope that works with lightPhraseC1
El microscopio óptico llega hasta cierto límite.The microscope that works with light reaches a limit.
el objetivo de inmersiónthe objective used with a drop of oilPhraseC1
El objetivo de inmersión trabaja con una gota de aceite.The objective used with a drop of oil works with one drop.
el poder de resoluciónhow fine a detail can still be told apartPhraseC1
El poder de resolución no crece con más aumentos.How fine a detail can still be told apart does not grow with more magnification.
el contraste de fasesthe trick that shows what is transparentPhraseC1
El contraste de fases muestra células sin teñir.The trick that shows what is transparent shows cells without staining.
la iluminación de campo oscurothe lighting that leaves the background blackPhraseC1
La iluminación de campo oscuro hace brillar el borde.The lighting that leaves the background black makes the edge shine.
el láser de estado sólidothe laser built from a crystalPhraseC1
El láser de estado sólido cabe en la mano.The laser built from a crystal fits in the hand.
la emisión estimuladathe process behind every laserPhraseC1
La emisión estimulada está detrás de todo láser.The process behind every laser is behind all of them.
la cavidad resonantethe mirrored box the light bounces inPhraseC1
La cavidad resonante devuelve la luz una y otra vez.The mirrored box the light bounces in sends it back again and again.
el haz gaussianothe beam that never comes to a true pointPhraseC1
El haz gaussiano nunca se estrecha del todo.The beam that never comes to a true point never quite narrows.
la potencia ópticathe power carried by the lightPhraseC1
La potencia óptica se mide con un cabezal aparte.The power carried by the light is measured with a separate head.
la sensibilidad espectralhow the response changes with colourPhraseC1
La sensibilidad espectral no es igual en todo el rango.How the response changes with colour is not flat across the range.
la calibración fotométricathe setting of the meter against a standardPhraseC1
La calibración fotométrica se repite cada año.The setting of the meter against a standard is repeated every year.
el flujo luminosothe total light a source gives outPhraseC1
El flujo luminoso se da en lúmenes.The total light a source gives out is given in lumens.
el banco ópticothe rail everything is mounted onPhraseC1
El banco óptico mantiene todo en una línea.The rail everything is mounted on holds it all in one line.
el alineamiento ópticothe lining up of the partsPhraseC1
El alineamiento óptico se pierde con un golpe.The lining up of the parts is lost with one knock.
Noun (f) (7)
la ópticathe study of lightNoun (f)C1
La óptica trata la luz como rayo y como onda.The study of light treats it as a ray and as a wave.
la refracciónthe bending of light entering a materialNoun (f)C1
La refracción parte la cuchara en el vaso.The bending of light entering a material breaks the spoon in the glass.
la difracciónthe spreading of light at an edgeNoun (f)C1
La difracción redondea el borde de la sombra.The spreading of light at an edge softens the edge of a shadow.
la transmitanciathe share of light that gets throughNoun (f)C1
La transmitancia baja con cada superficie.The share of light that gets through falls at every surface.
la rendijathe narrow slitNoun (f)C1
La rendija estrecha aumenta la difracción.The narrow slit makes the spreading stronger.
la iluminanciathe light falling on a surfaceNoun (f)C1
La iluminancia mínima del taller está en la norma.The light falling on a surface is set by the standard for workshops.
la luminanciathe brightness a surface shows to the eyeNoun (f)C1
La luminancia describe lo que el ojo percibe.The brightness a surface shows to the eye is what the eye judges.
Noun (m) (6)
el colimadorthe device that makes rays parallelNoun (m)C1
El colimador deja los rayos paralelos.The device that makes rays parallel sends them out straight.
el espectrómetrothe instrument that reads a spectrumNoun (m)C1
El espectrómetro dice qué hay en la muestra.The instrument that reads a spectrum says what is in the sample.
el interferómetrothe instrument that counts wave fractionsNoun (m)C1
El interferómetro mide fracciones de onda.The instrument that counts wave fractions measures a fraction of a wave.
el ocularthe eyepieceNoun (m)C1
El ocular se ajusta a cada ojo.The eyepiece is adjusted for each eye.
el fotodetectorthe device that turns light into currentNoun (m)C1
El fotodetector convierte luz en corriente.The device that turns light into current does exactly that.
el fotodiodothe fast one of those devicesNoun (m)C1
El fotodiodo responde en nanosegundos.The fast one of those devices answers in nanoseconds.
This list belongs to Technology and industry — 26 lists and 1296 words that can also be practised as a whole.
Practise this list
From these 50 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.