C1 · 50 words
Textile technology in Spanish
Fibre, yarn, weave, finish — what a cloth is before anyone cuts it.
El escandallo is the costing sheet: every metre of cloth, every button, the waste included, added up before a single garment is made. The word came off a ship. An escandallo was the lead on a line that sailors dropped over the side to find out how deep the water was, and echar el escandallo was to take that sounding. The trade kept the idea and dropped the sea: you sound out what a thing will cost before you commit. English says « costing » or « bill of materials », with nothing under it but arithmetic.
The words
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Phrase (27)
la fibra textilthe textile fibrePhraseC1
La fibra textil determina el tacto.The textile fibre decides how it feels in the hand.
la fibra cortathe fibre that comes in short lengthsPhraseC1
La fibra corta se hila retorciendo.The fibre that comes in short lengths is spun by twisting.
el filamento continuothe fibre that runs on without a breakPhraseC1
El filamento continuo brilla más.The fibre that runs on without a break shines more.
la torsión del hilothe twist put into the yarnPhraseC1
La torsión del hilo cambia el brillo.The twist put into the yarn changes the shine.
el título del hilohow fine the yarn isPhraseC1
El título del hilo se da en tex.How fine the yarn is is given in tex.
la trama textilthe thread that crosses the widthPhraseC1
La trama textil cruza a lo ancho.The thread that crosses the width goes from side to side.
el tejido de puntothe cloth made of loops instead of crossingsPhraseC1
El tejido de punto se estira en las dos direcciones.The cloth made of loops instead of crossings stretches both ways.
el ancho de la piezathe width the cloth is woven atPhraseC1
El ancho de la pieza es de metro y medio.The width the cloth is woven at is a metre and a half.
la tintura en piezathe dyeing of the finished clothPhraseC1
La tintura en pieza sale más barata.The dyeing of the finished cloth comes cheaper.
la tintura en hilothe dyeing of the yarn before weavingPhraseC1
La tintura en hilo permite el cuadro.The dyeing of the yarn before weaving is what allows a check.
la solidez del colorhow well the colour holdsPhraseC1
La solidez del color se prueba al lavado.How well the colour holds is tested in the wash.
el repetido del dibujothe distance before the pattern repeatsPhraseC1
El repetido del dibujo es de treinta centímetros.The distance before the pattern repeats is thirty centimetres.
el acabado del tejidothe treatment given to the woven clothPhraseC1
El acabado del tejido lo hace impermeable.The treatment given to the woven cloth makes it waterproof.
el encogimiento al lavadothe shrinking in the washPhraseC1
El encogimiento al lavado es del tres por ciento.The shrinking in the wash is three per cent.
la resistencia al desgarrohow hard it is to tear furtherPhraseC1
La resistencia al desgarro se mide en newton.How hard it is to tear further is measured in newtons.
la elasticidad del tejidothe stretch the cloth hasPhraseC1
La elasticidad del tejido viene del elastano.The stretch the cloth has comes from the elastic fibre.
el hilo de trama flotantethe thread that rides loose over the surfacePhraseC1
El hilo de trama flotante se engancha fácil.The thread that rides loose over the surface catches easily.
la muestra de tejidothe swatch of clothPhraseC1
La muestra de tejido va con número de referencia.The swatch of cloth carries a reference number.
el marcado del patrónthe laying out of the pattern piecesPhraseC1
El marcado del patrón ahorra tela.The laying out of the pattern pieces saves cloth.
el corte por capasthe cutting through many layers at oncePhraseC1
El corte por capas hace cien prendas a la vez.The cutting through many layers at once does a hundred at a time.
la máquina de coser industrialthe industrial sewing machinePhraseC1
La máquina de coser industrial hace cinco mil puntadas.The industrial sewing machine does five thousand stitches.
la puntada por centímetrohow many stitches to the centimetrePhraseC1
La puntada por centímetro es de cuatro.How many stitches to the centimetre is four.
el control de calidad textilthe checking of the cloth against the standardPhraseC1
El control de calidad textil se hace por muestreo.The checking of the cloth against the standard is done by sampling.
la etiqueta de composición textilthe label saying what it is made ofPhraseC1
La etiqueta de composición textil es obligatoria.The label saying what it is made of is required by law.
el símbolo de cuidadothe symbol saying how to wash itPhraseC1
El símbolo de cuidado prohíbe la secadora.The symbol saying how to wash it forbids the tumble dryer.
el reciclado mecánicothe recycling that shreds the cloth back to fibrePhraseC1
El reciclado mecánico acorta la fibra.The recycling that shreds the cloth back to fibre shortens it.
la fibra recicladathe fibre made from cloth already usedPhraseC1
La fibra reciclada se mezcla con virgen.The fibre made from cloth already used is blended with new.
Noun (m) (14)
el hiladothe spinning of fibre into yarnNoun (m)C1
El hilado da la resistencia al hilo.The spinning of fibre into yarn is what makes it strong.
el cabothe single strand within a yarnNoun (m)C1
El hilo va a dos cabos.The yarn is made of two single strands.
el ligamentothe pattern in which the threads crossNoun (m)C1
El ligamento es tafetán.The pattern in which the threads cross is the plain one.
el tafetánthe plainest of those patternsNoun (m)C1
El tafetán es el más sencillo.The plainest of those patterns is one over, one under.
el rasothe pattern that leaves long floats on the faceNoun (m)C1
El raso deja el hilo largo en la cara.The pattern that leaves long floats on the face is the smoothest.
el telarthe loomNoun (m)C1
El telar trabaja a ochocientas pasadas por minuto.The loom runs at eight hundred picks a minute.
el gramajethe weight of a square metreNoun (m)C1
El gramaje es de doscientos gramos.The weight of a square metre is two hundred grams.
el orillothe finished edge the loom leavesNoun (m)C1
El orillo no se deshilacha.The finished edge the loom leaves does not fray.
el deshilachadothe fraying at a cut edgeNoun (m)C1
El deshilachado se evita sobrehilando.The fraying at a cut edge is stopped by overlocking.
el blanqueothe bleachingNoun (m)C1
El blanqueo debilita la fibra.The bleaching weakens the fibre.
el mercerizadothe treatment that puts a shine on cottonNoun (m)C1
El mercerizado da brillo al algodón.The treatment that puts a shine on cotton is done under tension.
el elastanothe elastic fibre that gives itNoun (m)C1
El elastano es solo un cinco por ciento.The elastic fibre that gives it is only five per cent.
el escandallothe costing of the materialsNoun (m)C1
El escandallo incluye el desperdicio.The costing of the materials counts the waste in.
el sobrehiladothe overlocking of a raw edgeNoun (m)C1
El sobrehilado cierra el borde.The overlocking of a raw edge closes it off.
Noun (f) (9)
la urdimbrethe threads that run the length of the clothNoun (f)C1
La urdimbre va en el sentido del rollo.The threads that run the length of the cloth run down the roll.
la sargathe pattern that shows a diagonalNoun (f)C1
La sarga se reconoce por la diagonal.The pattern that shows a diagonal is known by that line.
la mallathe single loopNoun (f)C1
La malla se corre si se rompe un hilo.The single loop runs if a thread breaks.
la estampaciónthe printing on clothNoun (f)C1
La estampación es digital.The printing on cloth is digital.
la impermeabilidadthe keeping out of waterNoun (f)C1
La impermeabilidad se pierde con los lavados.The keeping out of water is lost with washing.
la transpirabilidadthe letting out of sweatNoun (f)C1
La transpirabilidad importa más que el peso.The letting out of sweat matters more than the weight.
la sanforizaciónthe pre-shrinking that fixes the sizeNoun (f)C1
La sanforización estabiliza la medida.The pre-shrinking that fixes the size holds it there.
la pilosidadthe little balls that rub up on the surfaceNoun (f)C1
La pilosidad aparece en el roce.The little balls that rub up on the surface show where it rubs.
la confecciónthe making up of the garmentsNoun (f)C1
La confección se hizo en dos talleres.The making up of the garments was done in two workshops.
This list belongs to Art and culture — 29 lists and 1450 words that can also be practised as a whole.
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