C1 · 50 words
Wine in Spanish
Grape, ageing, label, tasting — what the bottle says and what is in it.
La crianza is the time a wine spends in oak before it is sold, and on a Spanish label it is a legal term with a minimum attached. It is also the word for bringing up children: la crianza de los hijos, and criar is to raise, to rear, to nurse. So a vino de crianza has been brought up rather than merely aged, and the winemaker is doing to the barrel what a parent does to a child — waiting, and not interfering too much. English has « ageing » for the wine and « upbringing » for the child, and the two never meet.
The words
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Phrase (29)
la variedad de uvathe grape varietyPhraseC1
La variedad de uva es autóctona.The grape variety belongs to this region.
el viñedo en vasothe vine grown free as a bushPhraseC1
El viñedo en vaso no necesita alambre.The vine grown free as a bush needs no wire.
el rendimiento de la viñahow much the vineyard is allowed to givePhraseC1
El rendimiento de la viña está limitado por reglamento.How much the vineyard is allowed to give is capped by the rules.
la vendimia manualthe picking done by handPhraseC1
La vendimia manual permite seleccionar.The picking done by hand allows choosing.
la uva tintathe black grapePhraseC1
La uva tinta se despalilla primero.The black grape has its stalks taken off first.
la fermentación alcohólicathe turning of sugar into alcoholPhraseC1
La fermentación alcohólica dura diez días.The turning of sugar into alcohol takes ten days.
la fermentación malolácticathe second fermentation that softens the acidPhraseC1
La fermentación maloláctica suaviza la acidez.The second fermentation that softens the acid rounds it off.
el prensado suavethe gentle pressingPhraseC1
El prensado suave evita el amargo.The gentle pressing keeps the bitterness out.
el roble americanothe oak from AmericaPhraseC1
El roble americano da vainilla.The oak from America gives vanilla.
la crianza en maderathe time spent in woodPhraseC1
La crianza en madera fue de catorce meses.The time spent in wood was fourteen months.
la filtración del vinothe filtering of the winePhraseC1
La filtración del vino le quita algo de aroma.The filtering of the wine takes a little of the smell with it.
el tapón de corcho naturalthe stopper cut from cork barkPhraseC1
El tapón de corcho natural respira un poco.The stopper cut from cork bark breathes a little.
el olor a corchothe smell of a spoiled corkPhraseC1
El olor a corcho estropea la botella.The smell of a spoiled cork ruins the bottle.
la denominación de origen calificadathe strictest grade of origin namePhraseC1
La denominación de origen calificada es más estricta.The strictest grade of origin name is harder to earn.
el consejo reguladorthe body that polices the namePhraseC1
El consejo regulador aprueba la etiqueta.The body that polices the name approves the label.
el vino joventhe wine sold without time in oakPhraseC1
El vino joven se bebe en el año.The wine sold without time in oak is drunk within the year.
el vino de crianzathe wine with its year in oakPhraseC1
El vino de crianza pasó un año en barrica.The wine with its year in oak spent one in barrel.
el grado alcohólicothe strength in alcoholPhraseC1
El grado alcohólico es de trece y medio.The strength in alcohol is thirteen and a half.
la acidez totalthe total acidPhraseC1
La acidez total sostiene el vino.The total acid holds the wine up.
el azúcar residualthe sugar left unfermentedPhraseC1
El azúcar residual es de dos gramos.The sugar left unfermented is two grams.
la cata a ciegasthe tasting with the label hiddenPhraseC1
La cata a ciegas evita el prejuicio.The tasting with the label hidden keeps prejudice out.
la fase visualthe looking at itPhraseC1
La fase visual empieza por el borde.The looking at it starts at the edge.
la lágrima del vinothe streaks that run down the glassPhraseC1
La lágrima del vino baja despacio.The streaks that run down the glass come down slowly.
la fase olfativathe smelling of itPhraseC1
La fase olfativa se repite tras agitar.The smelling of it is repeated after swirling.
el aroma primariothe smell that comes from the grapePhraseC1
El aroma primario viene de la uva.The smell that comes from the grape is there from the start.
el aroma terciariothe smell that comes from the barrelPhraseC1
El aroma terciario nace en la barrica.The smell that comes from the barrel appears later.
el cuerpo del vinohow much weight it has in the mouthPhraseC1
El cuerpo del vino es medio.How much weight it has in the mouth is middling.
el equilibrio en bocathe parts holding togetherPhraseC1
El equilibrio en boca es lo más difícil.The parts holding together is the hardest thing of all.
la temperatura de serviciothe temperature to serve it atPhraseC1
La temperatura de servicio es de dieciséis grados.The temperature to serve it at is sixteen degrees.
Noun (f) (10)
la cepathe vine stockNoun (f)C1
La cepa tiene cincuenta años.The vine stock is fifty years old.
la maceraciónthe time the juice sits on the skinsNoun (f)C1
La maceración fue de tres semanas.The time the juice sits on the skins was three weeks.
la barricathe small oak barrelNoun (f)C1
La barrica es de roble francés.The small oak barrel is French oak.
las líasthe dead yeast lying in the barrelNoun (f)C1
Las lías dan cuerpo al blanco.The dead yeast lying in the barrel gives a white wine body.
la clarificaciónthe settling out of what is cloudyNoun (f)C1
La clarificación se hace con bentonita.The settling out of what is cloudy is done with clay.
la contraetiquetathe numbered label on the backNoun (f)C1
La contraetiqueta lleva número de serie.The numbered label on the back carries a serial number.
la añadathe year of the harvestNoun (f)C1
La añada fue fría y tardía.The year of the harvest was cold and late.
la persistenciahow long that lastsNoun (f)C1
La persistencia es de ocho segundos.How long that lasts is eight seconds.
la decantaciónthe pouring off into a jugNoun (f)C1
La decantación separa el poso.The pouring off into a jug leaves the sediment behind.
la bodegathe wineryNoun (f)C1
La bodega abre a visitas los sábados.The winery is open to visitors on Saturdays.
Noun (m) (11)
el emparradothe vine trained along wiresNoun (m)C1
El emparrado facilita la máquina.The vine trained along wires lets the machine in.
el despalilladothe taking off of the stalksNoun (m)C1
El despalillado evita el amargor.The taking off of the stalks keeps the bitterness out.
el mostothe unfermented juiceNoun (m)C1
El mosto fermenta a temperatura controlada.The unfermented juice ferments at a controlled temperature.
el hollejothe grape skinNoun (m)C1
El hollejo da el color.The grape skin gives the colour.
el trasiegothe drawing off from one vessel to anotherNoun (m)C1
El trasiego se hace tres veces.The drawing off from one vessel to another is done three times.
el embotelladothe bottlingNoun (m)C1
El embotellado fue en abril.The bottling was in April.
el taninothe substance that dries the mouthNoun (m)C1
El tanino se nota en las encías.The substance that dries the mouth is felt on the gums.
el ribetethe rim of colour at the edge of the glassNoun (m)C1
El ribete es anaranjado.The rim of colour at the edge of the glass is turning orange.
el retrogustowhat stays in the mouth after swallowingNoun (m)C1
El retrogusto dura mucho.What stays in the mouth after swallowing lasts a long time.
el posowhat settles at the bottomNoun (m)C1
El poso se queda en la botella.What settles at the bottom stays in the bottle.
el maridajethe matching of wine to foodNoun (m)C1
El maridaje con queso curado funciona.The matching of wine to food works with an aged cheese.
This list belongs to Farming and food production — 14 lists and 700 words that can also be practised as a whole.
Practise this list
From these 50 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.