A1 · 代词
there is 和 it is
表示“某处有”用 there is，说天气、时间用 it is。
一目了然
- 记住这句
- 表示“某处有”，用 there is——不用 have。
- 构成
- There is a letter for you.存在
- 标志词
- there is
- there are
- there was
- it is
- es gibt → there is
- 易错点
- 错误：There have many reasons for that.正确：There are many reasons for that.
轮到你了
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构成形式
| 存在 | There is a letter for you. |
| 复数 | There are two letters for you. |
| 天气、时间 | It is raining. It is half past six. |
| 评价 | It is important to be on time. |
| 过去时 | There was nobody at home. |
规则逐条讲
这个主题讲的形式提示要用这个形式的词
there is/are 表示某处有某物。
There is a good café near the station.车站附近有一家不错的咖啡馆。
说天气、时间、日期和距离用 it。
It is Monday and it is snowing.今天星期一，正在下雪。
列举时，动词由第一样东西决定。
There is a table and two chairs.有一张桌子和两把椅子。
表示评价，常用 it is + 形容词 + 不定式。
It is easy to make that mistake.这个错误很容易犯。
例句
There are no tickets left.票已经没有了。
It was too dark to read.天太黑了，看不了书。
Is there a problem?有什么问题吗？
It takes an hour by train.坐火车要一个小时。
再看 6 个例句
There is a letter for you.有你一封信。
There are two buses an hour.每小时有两班公交车。
It is too late to call.太晚了，不能打电话了。
Is there a bank near here?这附近有银行吗？
There were no seats left.已经没有空座位了。
It takes twenty minutes on foot.步行要二十分钟。
中文母语者最容易踩的坑
注意
“……有……”最容易被直译成 have：There have many reasons、Have a problem with my phone。have 只能表示“某人拥有”——I have a problem 没问题；但要说“某处存在”，就必须用 there is / there are。照搬别的语言的 It gives a problem 同样不通。反过来，如果不是在说“存在”，而是在说天气、时间，就用 it：It is cold，不说 There is cold。
详细讲解
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there is 和 there are 表示某处“有”某物、某物存在：There is a problem. There are three options. 动词由后面的名词决定；如果后面列举了好几样东西，就看第一样。
汉语说“有”，最常见的错误是直接用 have：“公园里有很多人”说成 There have many people in the park，或者干脆 Have many people in the park。have 表示“某人拥有”；表示“某处存在”，必须用 there is / there are：There are many people in the park.
it is 则用来描述某个具体的东西，或者在说天气、时间、距离和评价时充当形式主语：It is cold. It is five o’clock. It is ten kilometres. It is difficult to say. 汉语说“很冷”“五点了”“很难说”，不需要主语；英语却必须有，这个位置就由 it 来占。
这个主题你掌握得怎么样？
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