英语不规则动词

全部 102 个，每个都列出三种形式、中文释义和一个例句——按实际发生的变化分组，而不是按字母顺序排列。

为什么不按字母顺序排

常见的不规则动词表分三栏，按字母排序。如果你已经知道要找哪个词，这样的表很好查；拿来学却不太好用，因为它恰恰把这里唯一的规律藏了起来。这些动词并不是 102 个互不相干的特例。大多数可以归成几组，同一组里发生的变化是一样的——掌握了一组，就一下子掌握了好几个动词。

还有一点，“不规则”这个名字没有说出来：所谓“不规则”，只是指过去式和过去分词不以 -ed 结尾。这些动词的其他方面都完全规则——进行时照常构成，第三人称单数照常加 -s，疑问句和否定句也和别的动词一模一样。每个动词真正要记的，只有这两种形式。

第三种形式到底用在哪儿

第二种形式（过去式，simple past）可以单独做谓语：I went。第三种形式（过去分词，past participle）从不单独使用，总是跟在 have 后面，或者用在被动语态里：I have gone、it was written。常见的错误 I have went 和 I gone，都是把这两种形式用混了。记住这一条，就不用再猜该用哪一种。

查找动词

102 个动词。

三种形式完全一样

9 个动词

最省事的一组：什么都不变。会 cut，就会它的三种形式。难处不在形式，而在于句子里看不出时间。中文本来就不靠动词表示时间，这一点反倒让你觉得亲切：I cut it yesterday 和 I cut it every day，区别全在旁边的时间词上，和中文一样。

原形	过去式	过去分词	中文	级别
cut	cut	cut	切，剪	A2
She cut the bread.她把面包切了。
put	put	put	放，摆	A1
He put the keys on the table.他把钥匙放在了桌上。
let	let	let	让，允许	A2
They let us stay another night.他们让我们再住了一晚。
set	set	set	定下，设定；放置	B1
We set a new date.我们定了一个新日期。
cost	cost	cost	花费，价钱是	A1
It cost more than expected.花的钱比预想的多。
hit	hit	hit	打，击中，撞上	A2
The ball hit the window.球砸到了窗户上。
shut	shut	shut	关上	A2
Please shut the door.请把门关上。
hurt	hurt	hurt	弄伤，疼	A2
I hurt my knee.我把膝盖弄伤了。
spread	spread	spread	传开，散布；涂抹	B1
The news spread quickly.消息很快就传开了。

三种形式中两种一样

48 个动词

最大的一组。几乎总是过去式和过去分词相同，只有原形不一样：记住了第二种形式，第三种就白送。

原形	过去式	过去分词	中文	级别
bring	brought	brought	带来，拿来	A1
He brought a bottle of wine.他带来了一瓶葡萄酒。
buy	bought	bought	买	A1
We bought the tickets online.我们在网上买了票。
think	thought	thought	想，认为	A1
I thought you were coming.我还以为你会来呢。
catch	caught	caught	接住，抓住；赶上（车）	A2
We caught the last train.我们赶上了最后一班火车。
teach	taught	taught	教	A2
She taught me to swim.她教会了我游泳。
fight	fought	fought	打架，战斗；争取	B1
They fought for better conditions.他们为争取更好的条件而斗争。
find	found	found	找到，发现	A1
I found it under the sofa.我在沙发底下找到了它。
feel	felt	felt	感觉，觉得	A1
She felt much better afterwards.后来她感觉好多了。
keep	kept	kept	保留，留着；保持	A2
He kept the receipt.他把收据留着。
sleep	slept	slept	睡觉	A1
The baby slept all night.宝宝一整夜都在睡。
leave	left	left	离开；落下，忘带	A1
She left her umbrella on the bus.她把伞落在公交车上了。
meet	met	met	遇见，见面	A1
We met at the station.我们在车站见了面。
lose	lost	lost	丢失；输掉	A2
He lost his phone.他把手机丢了。
build	built	built	建造	A2
They built the bridge in 1890.这座桥是 1890 年建成的。
send	sent	sent	寄，发送	A1
I sent the letter yesterday.我昨天把信寄出去了。
spend	spent	spent	花（钱）；度过（时间）	A2
We spent two weeks in Wales.我们在威尔士待了两个星期。
lend	lent	lent	借给，借出	B1
She lent me her car.她把车借给了我。
sell	sold	sold	卖	A1
They sold the house last year.他们去年把房子卖了。
tell	told	told	告诉，讲述	A1
He told us the whole story.他把整件事都告诉了我们。
hold	held	held	拿着，握住；扶住	A2
She held the door open.她扶着门让别人过。
hear	heard	heard	听见	A1
I heard a noise upstairs.我听见楼上有响声。
read	read	read	读，看（书报）	A1
She read the report twice.她把报告看了两遍。
say	said	said	说	A1
He said nothing at all.他一句话也没说。
pay	paid	paid	付钱，支付	A1
We paid by card.我们是刷卡付的钱。
lay	laid	laid	放，摆放（某物）	B1
She laid the papers on the desk.她把文件放在了桌上。
make	made	made	做，制作；使得	A1
He made a mistake.他犯了一个错误。
have	had	had	有；吃，喝；进行	A1
We had a long conversation.我们聊了很久。
stand	stood	stood	站，站立	A2
They stood in the rain.他们站在雨里。
understand	understood	understood	理解，懂	A1
I understood every word.我每个字都听懂了。
sit	sat	sat	坐	A1
We sat by the window.我们坐在窗边。
win	won	won	赢，获胜	A2
Our team won again.我们队又赢了。
lead	led	led	带领；通向	B1
The path led to the river.小路通向河边。
feed	fed	fed	喂，喂养	B1
She fed the birds every morning.她每天早上喂鸟。
get	got	got	得到，收到；变得	A1
I got your message.我收到你的消息了。
sit down	sat down	sat down	坐下	A1
He sat down next to me.他在我旁边坐了下来。
mean	meant	meant	意思是，意指	A2
What did you mean by that?你那是什么意思？
learn	learnt	learnt	学，学会	A1
She learnt Spanish in a year.她一年就学会了西班牙语。
burn	burnt	burnt	烧，烧焦	B1
The toast burnt again.吐司又烤焦了。
dream	dreamt	dreamt	做梦，梦见	B1
I dreamt about the exam.我梦见了考试。
smell	smelt	smelt	闻；散发……的气味	B1
The kitchen smelt of coffee.厨房里有一股咖啡味。
spell	spelt	spelt	拼写	A2
She spelt her name for me.她把自己的名字拼给我听。
drop	dropped	dropped	使掉下，失手掉落	A2
She dropped the glass.她把杯子掉在了地上。
hang	hung	hung	挂，悬挂	B1
She hung the picture over the sofa.她把画挂在了沙发上方。
hold on	held on	held on	抓紧，扶住；（电话里）稍等	B1
He held on to the railing.他紧紧抓住栏杆。
light	lit	lit	点燃，点亮	B1
She lit a candle.她点了一支蜡烛。
shine	shone	shone	照耀，发光	B1
The sun shone all day.太阳照了一整天。
sit up	sat up	sat up	坐起来	B1
He sat up in bed.他在床上坐了起来。
stick	stuck	stuck	粘住；卡住	B1
The door stuck again.门又卡住了。

元音有规律地变化

9 个动词

三种形式各不相同，但元音按固定的调子变化：i – a – u，比如 sing – sang – sung。记住一个，就有了一整组的调子。注意发音：sung 和 drunk 里的 u 不读“乌”，而是短促的、接近“啊”的音。

原形	过去式	过去分词	中文	级别
sing	sang	sung	唱，唱歌	A1
She sang two songs.她唱了两首歌。
drink	drank	drunk	喝	A1
We drank tea all afternoon.我们整个下午都在喝茶。
swim	swam	swum	游泳	A1
They swam in the lake.他们在湖里游了泳。
begin	began	begun	开始	A1
The concert began late.音乐会开始得很晚。
ring	rang	rung	（铃）响；打电话	A2
The bell rang twice.铃响了两次。
run	ran	run	跑	A1
He ran to catch the bus.他跑着去赶公交车。
come	came	come	来	A1
They came by car.他们是开车来的。
begin again	began again	begun again	重新开始	B1
We began again from the top.我们从头重新开始。
sing along	sang along	sung along	跟着唱	B1
Everyone sang along.大家都跟着唱了起来。

三种形式各不相同

36 个动词

这一组没有调子可循，只能一个一个地记——不过数量没有“不规则动词”这个名字听上去那么吓人。它们又恰恰是最常用的动词，用得多了，自然就记住了。好消息是：即使最不规则的 go，也只有五种形式（go, goes, going, went, gone）。

原形	过去式	过去分词	中文	级别
be	was/were	been	是；在	A1
I was at home all day.我一整天都在家。
go	went	gone	去，走	A1
She went to Vienna last week.她上周去了维也纳。
do	did	done	做，干	A1
What have you done?你都做了些什么？
see	saw	seen	看见，见到	A1
I saw her yesterday.我昨天见到她了。
take	took	taken	拿，取；乘坐；花费（时间）	A1
He took the wrong bus.他坐错了公交车。
give	gave	given	给	A1
She gave me her number.她把电话号码给了我。
write	wrote	written	写	A1
He wrote three letters.他写了三封信。
speak	spoke	spoken	说话，讲（某种语言）	A1
We spoke for an hour.我们谈了一个小时。
break	broke	broken	打破，弄坏；折断	A2
She broke her arm.她把胳膊摔断了。
choose	chose	chosen	选择，挑选	A2
They chose the cheaper option.他们选了便宜的那个方案。
drive	drove	driven	开车，驾驶	A1
He drove all the way.他一路都是自己开的车。
eat	ate	eaten	吃	A1
We ate at seven.我们七点吃的饭。
fall	fell	fallen	掉下，摔倒	A2
The glass fell off the table.杯子从桌上掉了下去。
fly	flew	flown	飞，坐飞机	A1
They flew to Dublin.他们飞去了都柏林。
forget	forgot	forgotten	忘记	A1
I forgot the tickets.我忘带票了。
freeze	froze	frozen	结冰，冻住	B1
The lake froze overnight.一夜之间湖面就结冰了。
grow	grew	grown	生长，长大；种植	A2
The tree grew very quickly.这棵树长得很快。
know	knew	known	知道，认识	A1
I knew it would rain.我就知道会下雨。
ride	rode	ridden	骑（自行车、马）	A2
She rode her bike to school.她骑自行车去上学。
rise	rose	risen	上升，升起	B1
Prices rose again in June.六月物价又涨了。
show	showed	shown	给……看，展示；指引	A1
He showed me the way.他给我指了路。
steal	stole	stolen	偷	B1
Someone stole my bike.有人偷了我的自行车。
take off	took off	taken off	起飞；脱下	A2
The plane took off on time.飞机准时起飞了。
throw	threw	thrown	扔，投	A2
He threw the ball too hard.他把球扔得太用力了。
wake	woke	woken	醒来；叫醒	A2
I woke at five.我五点就醒了。
wear	wore	worn	穿着，戴着	A2
She wore a blue coat.她穿着一件蓝色的大衣。
write down	wrote down	written down	写下，记下	A2
I wrote down the address.我把地址记了下来。
hide	hid	hidden	藏，躲藏	B1
The cat hid under the bed.猫躲到了床底下。
bite	bit	bitten	咬	B1
The dog bit the postman.那条狗咬了邮递员。
beat	beat	beaten	打败；敲打	B1
They beat us three to nil.他们三比零打败了我们。
shake	shook	shaken	摇，抖动；握（手）	B1
He shook my hand.他和我握了握手。
draw	drew	drawn	画；拉	A2
She drew a map for us.她给我们画了一张地图。
blow	blew	blown	（风）吹；吹气	B1
The wind blew all night.风刮了一整夜。
lie	lay	lain	躺；平放着	B1
The book lay on the floor.书平放在地板上。
become	became	become	变成，成为	A2
She became a teacher.她当上了老师。
throw away	threw away	thrown away	扔掉	A2
She threw away the old papers.她把旧报纸扔掉了。

练习三种形式

给出原形，填出另外两种形式。只看你写的词本身——引号、大小写和空格都不算错。