A2 · 名词、冠词与数量
数量表达
用哪个数量词，取决于名词可数还是不可数。
一目了然
- 记住这句
- many 数个数，much 量多少——a lot of 两边都行。
- 构成
- many books, a few books, few books可数
- 标志词
- some
- any
- much
- many
- a lot of
- few
- a few
- little
- a little
- plenty of
- 易错点
- 错误：I have much work and I have any time.正确：I have a lot of work and I do not have any time.
轮到你了
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构成形式
| 可数 | many books, a few books, few books |
| 不可数 | much water, a little water, little water |
| 两者皆可 | a lot of / lots of / plenty of |
| 肯定句 | I have some questions. |
| 疑问句/否定句 | Do you have any questions? — I do not have any. |
规则逐条讲
这个主题讲的形式提示要用这个形式的词
many 和 few 跟可数名词，much 和 little 跟不可数名词。
too many people and too much noise人太多，噪音太大
some 用于肯定句，any 用于疑问句和否定句。
There is not any milk left.一点牛奶都没有了。
提供东西或提出请求时，疑问句里也用 some。
Would you like some help?需要帮忙吗？
a few 和 a little 语气积极，few 和 little 语气消极。
I have a few ideas. — I have few ideas.我有几个想法。——我没什么想法。
例句
There were not many people at the talk.讲座上人不多。
We still have a little time.我们还有一点时间。
Have you got any change?你有零钱吗？
He gave me plenty of advice.他给了我很多建议。
再看 6 个例句
A bottle of water, please.请来一瓶水。
We bought two kilos of apples.我们买了两公斤苹果。
There is a piece of cake left.还剩一块蛋糕。
Add a spoonful of sugar.加一勺糖。
He drank a glass of milk.他喝了一杯牛奶。
A slice of bread with butter.一片抹了黄油的面包。
中文母语者最容易踩的坑
注意
much 用在肯定句里，母语者听来很生硬：没人说 I have much time，而是说 I have a lot of time。在疑问句和否定句里，much 则完全正常：Do you have much time? 第二点：any 本身不带否定意思——I have any money 不成句，必须说 I do not have any money。汉语“我没什么钱”的否定在“没”上，英语也要把 not 放进去。
详细讲解
阅读全文 · 约 1 分钟
几乎所有表示数量的词都要看名词可不可数。many 和 few 跟可数名词，much 和 little 跟不可数名词。a lot of 和 plenty of 两种都能用，也是日常最常用的说法。汉语一个“很多”“很少”通用，英语却要分开。
some 用于肯定句，any 用于疑问句和否定句：I have some money — Do you have any money? — I do not have any money. 例外是提供东西或提出请求的时候，疑问句里也用 some：Would you like some tea?（要来点茶吗？）
few 和 a few 的区别不在数量，而在说话人的态度：few friends 是“没几个朋友”，听起来太少；a few friends 是“有几个朋友”，听起来够了。little（没多少）和 a little（一点儿）也是一样。
不可数的东西怎么数？和汉语的量词非常像：a bottle of water（一瓶水）、two kilos of apples（两公斤苹果）、a slice of bread（一片面包）。不同的是，英语要加 of，而且复数加在量词上：two cups of tea。
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