beの活用

意味〜である；いる、ある
レベル A1
活用の型不規則

この動詞の注意点

多くの時制で不規則です。表ごと覚えるのがいちばん確実です。 → 不規則動詞
覚えておきたい3つの基本形：be – was – been。

太字と下線は語尾です。◆は規則から外れる形の印です。

直説法

Present simple現在

I	am
you	are
he/she/it	is
we	are
you	are
they	are

詳しくは：現在形（Simple Present）

Past simple完了した過去

I	was
you	were
he/she/it	was
we	were
you	were
they	were

詳しくは：過去形（Simple Past）

Present perfect現在完了

I	have been
you	have been
he/she/it	has been
we	have been
you	have been
they	have been

詳しくは：現在完了形（Present Perfect）

Past perfect過去完了

I	had been
you	had been
he/she/it	had been
we	had been
you	had been
they	had been

詳しくは：過去完了形（Past Perfect）

Future (will)未来

I	will be
you	will be
he/she/it	will be
we	will be
you	will be
they	will be

詳しくは： will

Future perfect未来完了

I	will have been
you	will have been
he/she/it	will have been
we	will have been
you	will have been
they	will have been

条件法

Conditional (would)条件法

I	would be
you	would be
he/she/it	would be
we	would be
you	would be
they	would be

詳しくは： if文のタイプ2：仮定法過去

Conditional perfect条件法過去

I	would have been
you	would have been
he/she/it	would have been
we	would have been
you	would have been
they	would have been

進行形

Present progressive現在進行形

I	am being
you	are being
he/she/it	is being
we	are being
you	are being
they	are being

詳しくは：現在進行形（Present Progressive）

Past progressive過去進行形

I	was being
you	were being
he/she/it	was being
we	were being
you	were being
they	were being

詳しくは：過去進行形（Past Progressive）

Present perfect progressive現在完了進行形

I	have been being
you	have been being
he/she/it	has been being
we	have been being
you	have been being
they	have been being

詳しくは：現在完了進行形（Present Perfect Progressive）

Past perfect progressive過去完了進行形

I	had been being
you	had been being
he/she/it	had been being
we	had been being
you	had been being
they	had been being

Future progressive未来進行形

I	will be being
you	will be being
he/she/it	will be being
we	will be being
you	will be being
they	will be being

命令法

Imperative肯定の命令

you	be
we	let's be

詳しくは：命令文

非定形

Infinitive and participles不定詞、動名詞、分詞

infinitive	be
to-infinitive	to be
-ing form	being
past participle	been

詳しくは：不規則動詞 · -ingを取る動詞

コースの例文

どの文もこのコースの単語リストか文法項目から取っています。動詞の形には印がついていて、その下にどの時制・どの人称かを書いています。

I am hungry.お腹がすきました。
am — Present simple · I
Is it urgent?急ぎですか。
Is — Present simple · he/she/it
It was great fun.とても楽しかったです。
was — Past simple · I; Past simple · he/she/it
We are almost there.もうすぐ着きます。
are — Present simple · you; Present simple · we
His shoes were dirty.彼の靴は汚れていました。
were — Past simple · you; Past simple · we
Be careful on the stairs.階段では気をつけてね。
Be — infinitive; to-infinitive

よくある間違い

誤り I live in a hotel until my flat is finished.

正しい I am living in a hotel until my flat is finished.

「今、目の前で起きているか」だけで判断すると、ルールのもう半分を見落とします。それは「一時的かどうか」です。I am living in a hotelは、今ホテルの外にいても正しい文です。仮の住まいだ、と言っているのです。「ホテルに住んでいる」の「ている」から形を決めるのではなく、期間が限られているかどうかで決めましょう。

現在形か現在進行形か

ちょっと練習

穴うめ5問。まず上の例文から、次に活用表から出します。答えはすべて復習に数えられます。