A1 · The future
ir a plus infinitive
The future people actually speak.
It is built from a conjugated ir, the preposition a and the infinitive: voy a, vas a, va a, vamos a, vais a, van a. That is all — the infinitive never changes. English «going to» is the same idea with the same feel.
It covers what English does with «I'm going to» and often with the present: intentions, arrangements, whatever is coming up. Voy a llamarte mañana is «I'll ring you tomorrow», and nobody hears anything ceremonious in it.
The a never drops, even though in speech it runs into the following vowel. That is exactly why it gets forgotten in writing: voy a hacer sounds like one word.
Die Form
| build | ir (gebeugt) + a + Infinitiv |
| forms | voy a, vas a, va a, vamos a, vais a, van a |
| negated | No voy a decir nada. |
| with a pronoun | Voy a llamarte. / Te voy a llamar. |
| question | ¿Qué vas a hacer este fin de semana? |
Die Regeln im Einzelnen
ir is conjugated, the infinitive stays.
Vamos a comer fuera.We are eating out.
The a is always there, however faint it sounds.
Voy a hacer la compra.I am going to do the shopping.
The pronoun may go in front or on the infinitive.
Te lo voy a explicar. / Voy a explicártelo.I will explain it to you.
no goes before the conjugated ir.
No vamos a llegar a tiempo.We are not going to make it in time.
Woran man es erkennt
- mañana
- esta tarde
- el año que viene
- la semana próxima
- dentro de
- luego
Beispielsätze
Este verano vamos a viajar a Galicia.This summer we are travelling to Galicia.
¿Vas a venir a la reunión?Are you coming to the meeting?
Va a llover, mira el cielo.It is going to rain, look at the sky.
No voy a comprarlo, es demasiado caro.I am not going to buy it, it is too expensive.
Noch 6 Beispielsätze
Voy a llamarte esta noche.I will ring you tonight.
¿Qué vais a hacer en vacaciones?What are you doing in the holidays?
Van a abrir un supermercado nuevo.They are going to open a new supermarket.
No va a caber todo en el coche.It is not all going to fit in the car.
Vamos a empezar por el principio.Let us start at the beginning.
Creo que va a nevar.I think it is going to snow.
Die typisch deutsche Falle
Aufgepasst
The a disappears in writing, because in speech it runs into the next word. Voy hacer does not exist — the phrase has three parts, and without the a it has no hinge. English «going to do» has the «to» in exactly the same place; treat the a as that «to».
ir conjugated, a in the middle, infinitive at the end — and the a is never missing.
Jetzt selbst
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