have के क्रिया-रूप

अर्थ रखना, होना (पास होना)
स्तर A1
पैटर्न अनियमित

इस क्रिया में क्या ख़ास है

कई कालों में अनियमित — सबसे भरोसेमंद तरीक़ा पूरी तालिका सीखना है। → अनियमित क्रियाएँ
याद करने के लिए तीन मूल रूप: have – had – had।
-ing के साथ विशेष वर्तनी (मूक e हटता है, व्यंजन दोहराया जाता है, -ie का -y होता है): having। → Present Progressive (अपूर्ण वर्तमान)

मोटे अक्षर और रेखांकित: अंत-प्रत्यय। ◆ उस रूप पर लगा है जो नियम से हटकर बनता है।

निश्चयार्थ

Present simpleवर्तमान

I	have
you	have
he/she/it	has
we	have
you	have
they	have

इस पर और: Simple Present (सामान्य वर्तमान)

Past simpleपूरा हुआ भूतकाल

I	had
you	had
he/she/it	had
we	had
you	had
they	had

इस पर और: Simple Past (सामान्य भूतकाल)

Present perfectपूर्ण वर्तमान

I	have had
you	have had
he/she/it	has had
we	have had
you	have had
they	have had

इस पर और: Present Perfect (पूर्ण वर्तमान)

Past perfectपूर्ण भूत

I	had had
you	had had
he/she/it	had had
we	had had
you	had had
they	had had

इस पर और: Past Perfect (पूर्ण भूतकाल)

Future (will)भविष्य

I	will have
you	will have
he/she/it	will have
we	will have
you	will have
they	will have

इस पर और: will वाला भविष्य

Future perfectपूर्ण भविष्य

I	will have had
you	will have had
he/she/it	will have had
we	will have had
you	will have had
they	will have had

संकेतार्थ (कंडीशनल)

Conditional (would)संकेतार्थ

I	would have
you	would have
he/she/it	would have
we	would have
you	would have
they	would have

इस पर और: if-वाक्य, प्रकार 2

Conditional perfectभूतकाल का संकेतार्थ

I	would have had
you	would have had
he/she/it	would have had
we	would have had
you	would have had
they	would have had

सातत्य रूप

Present progressiveअपूर्ण वर्तमान

I	am having
you	are having
he/she/it	is having
we	are having
you	are having
they	are having

इस पर और: Present Progressive (अपूर्ण वर्तमान)

Past progressiveअपूर्ण भूत

I	was having
you	were having
he/she/it	was having
we	were having
you	were having
they	were having

इस पर और: Past Progressive (अपूर्ण भूतकाल)

Present perfect progressiveपूर्ण सातत्य वर्तमान

I	have been having
you	have been having
he/she/it	has been having
we	have been having
you	have been having
they	have been having

इस पर और: Present Perfect Progressive

Past perfect progressiveपूर्ण सातत्य भूत

I	had been having
you	had been having
he/she/it	had been having
we	had been having
you	had been having
they	had been having

Future progressiveअपूर्ण भविष्य

I	will be having
you	will be having
he/she/it	will be having
we	will be having
you	will be having
they	will be having

आज्ञार्थ

Imperativeआज्ञा, हाँ में

you	have
we	let's have

इस पर और: आदेश वाला रूप

अकालिक रूप

Infinitive and participlesमूल रूप, गेरुंड, कृदंत

infinitive	have
to-infinitive	to have
-ing form	having
past participle	had

इस पर और: अनियमित क्रियाएँ · -ing वाली क्रियाएँ

कोर्स से उदाहरण वाक्य

हर वाक्य इस कोर्स की शब्द-सूचियों या व्याकरण के विषयों से है। क्रिया का रूप चिह्नित है; नीचे लिखा है कि वह कौन-सा काल और पुरुष है।

She had an idea.उसे एक आइडिया आया।
had — Past simple · I; Past simple · you
We have two cats.हमारे पास दो बिल्लियाँ हैं।
have — Present simple · I; Present simple · you
She has a new job.उसकी नई नौकरी लगी है।
has — Present simple · he/she/it
I am having lunch with Peter tomorrow.कल मैं पीटर के साथ दोपहर का खाना खा रहा हूँ।
having — -ing form · कौन-सा भविष्य कब?
I have a bad cold.मुझे बहुत ज़ुकाम है।
have — Present simple · I; Present simple · you
I have a headache.मेरे सिर में दर्द है।
have — Present simple · I; Present simple · you

आम चूक

ग़लत I live in this flat since two years.

सही I have lived in this flat for two years.

हिन्दी का "मैं दो साल से इस फ़्लैट में रहता हूँ" शब्द-दर-शब्द अंग्रेज़ी में जाए, तो I live in this flat since two years बनता है — और इसमें एक साथ दो ग़लतियाँ हैं: काल ग़लत है, और "से" के लिए ग़लत शब्द चुना गया है। सही है I have lived in this flat for two years। छोटा नियम: जो समय अब भी चल रहा है, उसके लिए अंग्रेज़ी have वाला रूप लेती है, भले ही हिन्दी वर्तमान में रहे। और "से" के बाद लंबाई हो तो for, पल हो तो since।

Present Perfect (पूर्ण वर्तमान)

झटपट अभ्यास

5 ख़ाली जगहें, पहले ऊपर के उदाहरण वाक्यों से, फिर तालिका से। हर उत्तर आपके दोहराव में गिना जाता है।

आगे सीखिए

इसी पैटर्न वाली क्रियाएँ

जुड़े हुए व्याकरण विषय

ये रूप भाषा के नियमों से गणना करके बनाए गए हैं — दो बार, दो अलग-अलग तरीक़ों से — और इस कोर्स में हाथ से लिखे हर रूप से मिलाए गए हैं। उदाहरण वाक्य कोर्स के अपने वाक्य हैं।