include के क्रिया-रूप

अर्थ शामिल करना, शामिल होना
स्तर B1
पैटर्न नियमित ()

इस क्रिया में क्या ख़ास है

-ing के साथ विशेष वर्तनी (मूक e हटता है, व्यंजन दोहराया जाता है, -ie का -y होता है): including। → Present Progressive (अपूर्ण वर्तमान)
अवस्था-बोधक क्रिया: आम तौर पर -ing वाले सतत रूप में नहीं आती; include कहते हैं। → जिन क्रियाओं का -ing रूप नहीं बनता

मोटे अक्षर और रेखांकित: अंत-प्रत्यय। ◆ उस रूप पर लगा है जो नियम से हटकर बनता है।

निश्चयार्थ

Present simpleवर्तमान

I	include
you	include
he/she/it	includes
we	include
you	include
they	include

इस पर और: Simple Present (सामान्य वर्तमान)

Past simpleपूरा हुआ भूतकाल

I	included
you	included
he/she/it	included
we	included
you	included
they	included

इस पर और: Simple Past (सामान्य भूतकाल)

Present perfectपूर्ण वर्तमान

I	have included
you	have included
he/she/it	has included
we	have included
you	have included
they	have included

इस पर और: Present Perfect (पूर्ण वर्तमान)

Past perfectपूर्ण भूत

I	had included
you	had included
he/she/it	had included
we	had included
you	had included
they	had included

इस पर और: Past Perfect (पूर्ण भूतकाल)

Future (will)भविष्य

I	will include
you	will include
he/she/it	will include
we	will include
you	will include
they	will include

इस पर और: will वाला भविष्य

Future perfectपूर्ण भविष्य

I	will have included
you	will have included
he/she/it	will have included
we	will have included
you	will have included
they	will have included

संकेतार्थ (कंडीशनल)

Conditional (would)संकेतार्थ

I	would include
you	would include
he/she/it	would include
we	would include
you	would include
they	would include

इस पर और: if-वाक्य, प्रकार 2

Conditional perfectभूतकाल का संकेतार्थ

I	would have included
you	would have included
he/she/it	would have included
we	would have included
you	would have included
they	would have included

सातत्य रूप

Present progressiveअपूर्ण वर्तमान

I	am including
you	are including
he/she/it	is including
we	are including
you	are including
they	are including

इस पर और: Present Progressive (अपूर्ण वर्तमान)

Past progressiveअपूर्ण भूत

I	was including
you	were including
he/she/it	was including
we	were including
you	were including
they	were including

इस पर और: Past Progressive (अपूर्ण भूतकाल)

Present perfect progressiveपूर्ण सातत्य वर्तमान

I	have been including
you	have been including
he/she/it	has been including
we	have been including
you	have been including
they	have been including

इस पर और: Present Perfect Progressive

Past perfect progressiveपूर्ण सातत्य भूत

I	had been including
you	had been including
he/she/it	had been including
we	had been including
you	had been including
they	had been including

Future progressiveअपूर्ण भविष्य

I	will be including
you	will be including
he/she/it	will be including
we	will be including
you	will be including
they	will be including

आज्ञार्थ

Imperativeआज्ञा, हाँ में

you	include
we	let's include

इस पर और: आदेश वाला रूप

अकालिक रूप

Infinitive and participlesमूल रूप, गेरुंड, कृदंत

infinitive	include
to-infinitive	to include
-ing form	including
past participle	included

इस पर और: अनियमित क्रियाएँ · -ing वाली क्रियाएँ

कोर्स से उदाहरण वाक्य

हर वाक्य इस कोर्स की शब्द-सूचियों या व्याकरण के विषयों से है। क्रिया का रूप चिह्नित है; नीचे लिखा है कि वह कौन-सा काल और पुरुष है।

Postage is included in the price.डाक ख़र्च क़ीमत में शामिल है।
included — Past simple · I; Past simple · you
Is breakfast included in the price?क्या क़ीमत में नाश्ता शामिल है?
included — Past simple · I; Past simple · you
Six hundred a month, bills included.छह सौ महीना, बिजली-पानी का ख़र्च शामिल।
included — Past simple · I; Past simple · you
The parasol is included in the price.धूप की छतरी क़ीमत में शामिल है।
included — Past simple · I; Past simple · you
Cloud storage is included in the price.क्लाउड स्टोरेज क़ीमत में शामिल है।
included — Past simple · I; Past simple · you

झटपट अभ्यास

5 ख़ाली जगहें, पहले ऊपर के उदाहरण वाक्यों से, फिर तालिका से। हर उत्तर आपके दोहराव में गिना जाता है।

आगे सीखिए

इसी पैटर्न वाली क्रियाएँ

जुड़े हुए व्याकरण विषय

ये रूप भाषा के नियमों से गणना करके बनाए गए हैं — दो बार, दो अलग-अलग तरीक़ों से — और इस कोर्स में हाथ से लिखे हर रूप से मिलाए गए हैं। उदाहरण वाक्य कोर्स के अपने वाक्य हैं।