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A2  ·  45 个单词

何时与多久一次

英语时态所依赖的那些词。

这些词不只是词汇,它们决定用哪个时态。中文靠“了”“过”“着”和时间词表达时间,动词本身不变;英语的动词却要跟着时间词变:yesterday 和 ago 要求一般过去时,since 和 for(表示持续到现在)要求现在完成时,at the moment 要求现在进行时。中文“我在这里住了十年了”,英语是 I have lived here for ten years,而不是 I live here ten years。还有位置:always、often 这类频率副词放在实义动词前、be 动词后;中文说“十分钟以前”,“以前”放在后面;英语的 ago 也一样放在后面:ten minutes ago。

单词

名词 (3)

fortnight两星期名词B1
We are away for a fortnight.我们要离开两个星期。

英式常用;美国人基本只说 two weeks。

moment片刻,一会儿名词A2
They looked at each other for a moment.他们对视了片刻。
calendar日历名词A2
It is in the calendar, so it will happen.既然写进了日历,那就一定会办。

calendar 的拼写是 -dar,不是 -der。

形容词 (1)

monthly每月的形容词A2
The monthly ticket pays for itself after nine journeys.月票坐到第九趟就回本了。

副词 (24)

always总是,一直副词A1
She is always on time.她总是很准时。

频率副词放在实义动词前,但放在 be 动词后:she always walks,she is always on time。

usually通常副词A1
I usually walk to work.我通常走路上班。
often经常副词A1
We often eat outside in summer.夏天我们常在外面吃饭。
sometimes有时副词A1
Sometimes the bus is late.有时公交车会晚点。
rarely很少,难得副词A2
He rarely says anything at meetings.他开会时很少发言。
never从不,从来没有副词A1
I have never been to Ireland.我从没去过爱尔兰。

never 本身已经是否定,句子里不能再加 not。“去过”用 have been to,不用 have gone to。

once一次;曾经副词A2
I have only been there once.我只去过那里一次。
twice两次副词A2
The bus runs twice an hour.这路公交车一小时两班。
ago……以前副词A2
They left ten minutes ago.他们十分钟前走了。

ago 放在时间段后面,而且只能和一般过去时连用,不能和现在完成时连用。

soon很快,不久副词A1
We will hear from them soon.我们很快就会有他们的消息。
later稍后,以后副词A1
I will call you later.我晚点给你打电话。
immediately立刻,马上副词A2
She answered immediately.她立刻就回复了。
meanwhile与此同时;在此期间副词B1
Meanwhile, the others had left.这时候,其他人已经走了。
recently最近,近来副词A2
We have not seen her recently.我们最近没见到她。

表示“到现在为止的最近一段时间”时常和现在完成时连用。

lately最近,近来副词B1
Have you read anything good lately?你最近读到什么好书了吗?

lately 不是“晚”的意思。“晚”是 late。

nowadays如今,现在副词B1
Nowadays most people book online.如今大多数人都在网上预订。
currently目前,现在副词B1
The line is currently closed.这条线路目前停运。

currently 是“目前”,不是“最新的”。

suddenly突然副词A2
Suddenly the lights went out.灯突然灭了。
finally最后,终于副词A2
Finally, the train arrived.火车终于来了。
still仍然,还副词A2
She is still waiting.她还在等。
already已经副词A2
They have already left.他们已经走了。
yet(疑问句)已经;(否定句)还副词A2
Have you finished yet?你做完了吗?

yet 用于疑问句和否定句,放在句尾;already 用于肯定句,放在句中。

nearly几乎,差不多副词A2
The room was nearly full and nobody had sat down.房间里几乎站满了人,却还没有一个人坐下。
shortly不久,马上副词B1
The doctor will see you shortly, which can mean an hour.医生马上就叫你——这个“马上”可能是一个小时。

介词 (5)

since自从,从……以来介词A2
She has worked here since 2019.她从 2019 年起就在这里工作。

since 接起点(某年、某天),for 接一段时间,两者通常都和现在完成时连用。

for(持续)……之久介词A2
We have lived here for ten years.我们在这里住了十年了。
until直到介词A2
The shop is open until eight.商店营业到八点。

until 表示一直持续到某个时间;by 表示最迟在某个期限之前:send it by Friday。

by不迟于,在……之前介词A2
Please reply by Friday.请在星期五之前回复。
during在……期间介词A2
It rained during the night.夜里下过雨。

during 后面接名词,while 后面接完整的句子:while I was sleeping。

短语 (12)

hardly ever几乎从不短语A2
We hardly ever watch television.我们几乎从不看电视。
at once立刻,马上短语A2
Come here at once.马上过来。
at the moment此刻,目前短语A2
She is busy at the moment.她现在很忙。
at last终于短语A2
At last we found the address.我们终于找到了那个地址。

at last 带着“等了好久”的语气;列举时的“最后”用 finally 或 lastly。

so far到目前为止短语B1
So far everything has gone well.到目前为止一切顺利。
from now on从现在起短语B1
From now on we meet on Tuesdays.从现在起我们每个星期二见面。
for a while一会儿,一段时间短语A2
We waited for a while.我们等了一会儿。
from time to time不时,偶尔短语B1
We meet from time to time.我们偶尔见见面。
in advance提前,预先短语B1
Please book in advance.请提前预订。
on time准时短语A2
The train left on time.火车准时开出了。

on time 是“准时”,in time 是“及时、来得及”。

in time及时,来得及短语A2
We arrived just in time.我们刚好及时赶到。
the day after tomorrow后天短语A2
The exam is the day after tomorrow.考试在后天。

“前天”是 the day before yesterday。

这个词表属于基础词汇:共十二个词表、687 个单词,也可以整体练习。

练习这个词表

从这 45 个单词里出题,每轮 20 个:先练今天到期的,再练新词。先选择,再填空,最后自己写出来。答错的词很快会再次出现。