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EveryLingua

Der Lernpfad

Alle 121 Grammatikthemen in der Reihenfolge, in der sie sich gegenseitig tragen — durchnummeriert von 1 bis 121.

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A1 Sich vorstellen, fragen, Alltägliches sagen.

Schritt 1 bis 25 von 121

Weiteres25

  1. 1ser — being what staysSix forms, none regular — and no article in front of your job.
  2. 2estar — being what passesestar a plus the infinitive is your -ing form, built out of a preposition.
  3. 3ser or estar« The soup is cold » is either a recipe or a complaint, and here you have to say which.
  4. 4ter — what English says with « be »You are twenty; here you have twenty years.
  5. 5há — there is« There is » and « there are » are the same word, and it never goes plural.
  6. 6The verbs in -arYour only ending is an -s on « he » — and here the -s belongs to « you ».
  7. 7The verbs in -er and -irTwo groups, and they part company in exactly one form.
  8. 8The six that do it all differentlySix verbs — and one of them has the only infinitive in the language ending in -or.
  9. 9o, a, os, asFour forms, and nothing about the next word decides which — only the noun's own gender.
  10. 10do, na, ao, peloFive prepositions swallow the article, and the unfused form does not exist.
  11. 11The indefinite article« She is a doctor » loses its article — and an adjective brings it back.
  12. 12Masculine or feminineEnglish has no gender to transfer — but four words in five say theirs out loud.
  13. 13The pluralAdding -s is the reflex, and it fails on animal, homem and hotel.
  14. 14AgreementFour forms if it ends in -o, two if it does not — and a two-word colour has one.
  15. 15Whose it isseu is not « his » — it is « your », and « his » goes behind the noun.
  16. 16Asking a questionThe voice goes up and the sentence stays as it is.
  17. 17não in front of the verbOne word before the verb — and « yes » is answered with the verb itself.
  18. 18The question words« What is your name? » asks with « which » here.
  19. 19The pretérito perfeitoNo auxiliary at all — there is nothing to choose and nothing to put in front.
  20. 20ir plus the infinitiveGoing to, minus the to.
  21. 21poder and quererThese conjugate all the way through; « can » cannot even manage a participle.
  22. 22Where and where toYour single « to » is two here, and the difference is whether you come back.
  23. 23The three that carry everythingThe fusion is compulsory: there is no de o, no em o, no a o.
  24. 24The three forms of addressThree ways of saying « you », and the polite one conjugates like « he ».
  25. 25The phrases you need every day« Thank you » changes with who is speaking, not with who is thanked.

A2 Über Vergangenes sprechen und Vorhaben äußern.

Schritt 26 bis 58 von 121

Weiteres33

  1. 26The stem changersOne form changes and five do not — and the temptation is to change all six.
  2. 27estar a — what is going on right nowYour -ing form is compulsory; this one is an emphasis, and using it for a habit says something odd.
  3. 28Where an article stands and English has none« The my car » is the ordinary way to say it here.
  4. 29In front of countries, cities and namesPortugal takes none and Brazil takes one — and the exceptions are a short list.
  5. 30The words in -ãoThree plurals for one ending — and mãos and mães are not the same word.
  6. 31The diminutive that makes nothing smallerIt reaches adverbs too — and sozinho no longer means « a bit alone ».
  7. 32The owner comes last« Pedro's car » is o carro do Pedro — with an article inside the fusion.
  8. 33Where the adjective standsYour one position is the marked one here.
  9. 34ComparingEverything takes mais — except the four words you use most.
  10. 35The superlative that compares nothingOne of the two compares with somebody; the other compares with nobody.
  11. 36From adjective to adverb« Drive fast » has no counterpart here — and -mente hangs on the feminine.
  12. 37This, that — and the third oneYou have two distances; here there are three, and the middle one belongs to the person you are talking to.
  13. 38The object pronounsIt hangs on the back with a hyphen — and the verb loses a letter to make room.
  14. 39mim, ti, comigocomigo is one word, and you cannot see the com in it.
  15. 40The double negativeWhere the negative word stands decides whether não is there at all.
  16. 41The imperfeitoFour irregular verbs in the whole tense — and it doubles as the polite « I would like ».
  17. 42Which of the twoLength is the wrong test, and « for ten years » is the sentence that proves it.
  18. 43The irregular forms of the perfeitoOne form belongs to two verbs: fui is « I was » and « I went ».
  19. 44The Presente for the futureEnglish splits this between two presents; Portuguese has one.
  20. 45The imperative for tuYour bare verb; here it is the « he speaks » form.
  21. 46The form for você and o senhorOne form for asking, telling and the instructions on a packet.
  22. 47The order with a pronoun on itTwo pronouns can fuse into one word: dá-mo.
  23. 48The three ways of saying « must »« Have to », « must » and « need » — the same three, cut along a different line.
  24. 49saber and conhecerAnd in the past they stop meaning know and start meaning found out and met.
  25. 50Asking politelyWhere English reaches for « would », this reaches for a past tense.
  26. 51Verbs with a fixed preposition« I like fish » has no preposition; gosto de peixe cannot do without one.
  27. 52The forms that soften the tonePoliteness is a verb form here, not a word added to the end.
  28. 53The reflexive verbs« I wash myself » is a strange thing to say; lavo-me is not.
  29. 54que and quemThe same word introduces « that he came » and « the man that came ».
  30. 55The bare infinitive« Can » is three different verbs here.
  31. 56gostar and the verbs built the other way round« I like » keeps its subject here; « I need » and « I feel like » lose theirs.
  32. 57ficarWhere the station is, and what you became — one verb for both.
  33. 58Capitals, and the marks between wordsYour quotation marks are not used here, and dialogue opens with a dash.

B1 Zusammenhänge erklären, begründen, berichten.

Schritt 59 bis 97 von 121

Weiteres39

  1. 59When only the spelling changesTwo of these rules add a letter and two swap one — and none of them is an irregularity.
  2. 60When the gender is the meaning« Capital » is one word in English too — here the article separates the two.
  3. 61Compound nounsYour two nouns swap places and a de appears between them — and it is always de.
  4. 62When many count as onea gente means « we » and takes the verb form of « he ».
  5. 63Professions in the feminineThe -ista group behaves like every English job title: only the article moves.
  6. 64When the pronoun moves to the frontFive kinds of word pull it forward, and they are in every other sentence.
  7. 65The question inside a sentenceYou already know to undo the inversion; here there is none — what goes is the é que.
  8. 66What happened before the pastThere is a one-word version, falara, that you need to read and never to say.
  9. 67The futuro simplesThe future you would only ever write.
  10. 68The condicional« Would » does four jobs in English; this form takes two of them.
  11. 69Which future fitsThe form nearest your grammar book is the one you will use least.
  12. 70The future after quando and seEnglish forbids a future after « when »; Portuguese demands a tense of its own.
  13. 71The negative orderThe polarity changes the form for a friend and leaves it alone for a stranger.
  14. 72Not having to and not being allowed toThe two halves differ by a preposition: não tens de against não podes.
  15. 73dever for a guessDuty or guess is decided by the word after it, not by the verb.
  16. 74Advising and recommendingThree weights of advice, and the heaviest is already a reproach.
  17. 75por or paraOne English « for » where Portuguese has a reason and a destination.
  18. 76The preposition attached to the adjectiveThree prepositions carry nearly all of them, and yours is no guide.
  19. 77Address without a pronounThe politest address contains no word for « you » at all.
  20. 78The se with no personThe verb agrees with the thing sold: vende-se casa, vendem-se casas.
  21. 79When two people do the same to each other« Get on well » is dar-se bem — a reflexive where English has none.
  22. 80When the se changes the meaningThe same verb twice: esquecer takes an object, esquecer-se takes a preposition.
  23. 81The passive with serThe participle agrees like an adjective, which English participles never do.
  24. 82The passive with seThis is the one you will actually hear — and it cannot name who did it.
  25. 83State rather than eventAfter estar it is simply an adjective — you can put « very » in front of it.
  26. 84The formsBuilt from the « I » form, which is why the irregular verbs come out right.
  27. 85What triggers the subjunctiveIt is a list of trigger words, not a feeling — and « I don't think » is on it.
  28. 86The possible condition« If I have time » takes a form here that English cannot even name.
  29. 87The words that join clauses« Although » takes a subjunctive; « despite » takes an infinitive that carries its own subject.
  30. 88Passing on a statementThe listener is hung onto the verb — and one word unhooks it.
  31. 89Passing on a request« He told us to wait » leaves out who waits. Here the verb says it.
  32. 90When the verb carries the adverb« Again » and « these days » are not words here — they are verbs.
  33. 91The infinitive with a« Going to » is here just going, with nothing in between.
  34. 92The infinitive with de« I have just arrived » is a verb here, not an adverb.
  35. 93Verbs that take a, de and emOne verb, three continuations — and « to finish » is none of them.
  36. 94Adjective and noun before the infinitive« Something to drink » picks its own preposition, and « to » does not say which.
  37. 95estar a and the gerúndioYou already make this difference; here it is built two different ways.
  38. 96The accentsThe accent writes a different word, and both words exist.
  39. 97Portugal and Brazil, gathered in one placeYou already live with lift and elevator — same split, same rule: pick one.

B2 Genau werden: Haltung, Abstufung, Nebensatz.

Schritt 98 bis 114 von 121

Weiteres17

  1. 98The form that is not a pastIt looks exactly like « I have spoken » and means « I keep speaking ».
  2. 99The future that is not one« Onde estarão as chaves? » is a question English cannot ask this way.
  3. 100The Futuro compostoTwo jobs: what will be done by Friday, and what probably happened yesterday.
  4. 101Modals in the past« Wouldn't » means refused in English too — and here it is a tense.
  5. 102The third way: they with no who« I was told » cannot be built here; « they told me » stands in its place.
  6. 103The future subjunctiveThe one form to be learnt from nothing: no English word corresponds to it.
  7. 104The Conjuntivo in the past« If I were » is the survivor; here that same mood has a full set of forms.
  8. 105The unreal condition« If I were » extended to every verb — and the main clause has two right answers.
  9. 106Conditions without seOnly se takes the future subjunctive; the others take the present one.
  10. 107Mixed conditionsThe condition is in the past and the consequence is now — English mixes them too.
  11. 108Wishes and regretsThere is no verb for « I wish »: two phrases do the work, and one is Arabic.
  12. 109The personal infinitive« Before we leave » is one word here — an infinitive with a person on it.
  13. 110The relative pronouns beyond que« Whose » agrees with the thing owned, not the owner.
  14. 111The tense steps backThree of your past forms arrive here as one.
  15. 112Passing on a questionOne se does two jobs, and only one of them takes that tense.
  16. 113The reporting verbs« Say » and « tell » are one verb, and a pronoun carries the difference.
  17. 114Having it done and letting it happen« Let » and « leave » are one verb here.

C1 Das Feine: Ton, Register, seltene Formen.

Schritt 115 bis 121 von 121

Weiteres7

  1. 115The pronoun in the middleA pronoun wedged into the middle of the verb — English has nothing remotely like it.
  2. 116Rules and signs« No smoking » is a gerund; here the sign takes an infinitive.
  3. 117The condition that is over« If I had known, I would have come » — the same shape, and the participle never moves.
  4. 118Connectors instead of se« Provided that » is desde que — and with the wrong mood it means « since ».
  5. 119Moving the subject« Your mother did » has no equivalent; here the answer is the word order.
  6. 120The nominal style« After leaving » has no form here, so the choice is a noun or a clause.
  7. 121Hedging and softeningYour hedging sits in a modal verb; here it sits in which word you pick — and it changes the mood.

Alle Themen als Übersicht Was jede Stufe bedeutet