B2 · The Conjuntivo
The future subjunctive
The one form to be learnt from nothing: no English word corresponds to it.
The futuro do conjuntivo stands after quando, se, assim que, enquanto and logo que when something still to come is meant: quando eu chegar, se tiver tempo.
It is built from the third person plural of the pretérito by dropping -am: falaram → falar, fizeram → fizer, foram → for, tiveram → tiver.
With regular verbs it therefore looks exactly like the infinitive — falar. With irregular ones it does not, and that is where the form has to be known: quando eu fizer, never quando eu fazer.
There is nothing in English to hang it on. Every other tense here answers to something you already say: a past, a future, a conditional. This one answers to a plain present — « when I arrive, I will call » — and the Portuguese form adds an idea English simply leaves out, that the arrival is still ahead and not certain. It has to be learnt as a new thing, and it is used every day.
Die Form
| when I speak | quando eu falar |
| if I can | se eu puder |
| when I do | quando eu fizer |
| when he goes | quando ele for |
| if I have time | se tiver tempo |
| as soon as you arrive | assim que chegares |
Die Regeln im Einzelnen
After quando and se, when the future is meant.
Quando chegares, telefona-me.Call me when you arrive.
It comes from the third person plural of the pretérito.
Se puder, vou lá amanhã.If I can, I will go there tomorrow.
With regular verbs it looks like the infinitive.
Quando falares com ele, diz-lhe isso.When you talk to him, tell him that.
With irregular ones it does not — the stem is its own.
Quando eu fizer o exame, aviso-te.When I take the exam, I will let you know.
Woran man es erkennt
- quando
- se
- assim que
- enquanto
- logo que
Beispielsätze
Assim que souber, digo-te.As soon as I know, I will tell you.
Se quiseres, podemos ir juntos.If you like, we can go together.
Enquanto estiver aqui, aproveita.While you are here, make the most of it.
Quando tiveres tempo, liga-me.When you have time, call me.
Die typisch deutsche Falle
Aufgepasst
After quando and se in this sense the present *never* stands. Quando chegas, telefona-me is not a sentence about the future but a question or a habit. And taking the infinitive of an irregular verb — quando eu fazer — builds a form that does not exist.
After quando and se stands the future of the subjunctive.
Jetzt selbst
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