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4  ·  40 words

Family life and relatives

Weddings, babies, bringing up children, in-laws and the wider family.

Chinese names relatives far more exactly than English. There is no word for “uncle” as such: a father’s elder brother is 伯伯(bóbo), his younger brother 叔叔(shūshu), a mother’s brother 舅舅(jiùjiu). Grandchildren are split the same way, by whether they come through a son (孙子(sūnzi)) or a daughter (外孙(wàisūn)), and 外(wài), “outside”, marks the mother’s and the daughter’s side. Age and generation matter too: 长辈(zhǎngbèi) and 晚辈(wǎnbèi) say who owes whom respect.

The words

Verb (12)

订婚(dìnghūn)to get engagedVerb4
他们(tāmen)订婚(dìnghūn)一(yì)年(nián)以后(yǐhòu)才(cái)结婚(jiéhūn)。They married a year after getting engaged.
怀孕(huáiyùn)to be pregnantVerb4
她(tā)怀孕(huáiyùn)五(wǔ)个(ge)月(yuè)了(le)。She is five months pregnant.
生孩子(shēngháizi)to have a baby; to give birthVerb4
很(hěn)多(duō)年轻(niánqīng)夫妻(fūqī)不(bù)急(jí)着(zhe)生孩子(shēngháizi)。Many young couples are in no hurry to have children.
出生(chūshēng)to be bornVerb4
我(wǒ)出生(chūshēng)在(zài)一(yí)个(ge)小(xiǎo)城市(chéngshì)。I was born in a small town.
养(yǎng)to raise; to bring up; to keep (pets)Verb4
父母(fùmǔ)养(yǎng)大(dà)三(sān)个(ge)孩子(háizi)很(hěn)不(bù)容易(róngyì)。Bringing up three children is not easy for parents.

Also to support someone financially, or to keep an animal.

照顾(zhàogù)to look after; to take care ofVerb4
我(wǒ)出差(chūchāi)的(de)时候(shíhou),奶奶(nǎinai)帮(bāng)我(wǒ)照顾(zhàogù)孩子(háizi)。When I'm away on business, Grandma looks after the children for me.
带孩子(dàiháizi)to look after childrenVerb4
爷爷(yéye)奶奶(nǎinai)退休(tuìxiū)以后(yǐhòu)在(zài)家(jiā)帮忙(bāngmáng)带孩子(dàiháizi)。Since retiring, Grandpa and Grandma help out at home by minding the children.
宠(chǒng)to spoil; to dote onVerb4
爷爷(yéye)太(tài)宠(chǒng)孩子(háizi)了(le),要(yào)什么(shénme)就(jiù)给(gěi)什么(shénme)。Grandpa spoils the child far too much: whatever he wants, he gets.
抚养(fǔyǎng)to bring up; to raiseVerb4
她(tā)一(yí)个(ge)人(rén)把(bǎ)两(liǎng)个(ge)孩子(háizi)抚养(fǔyǎng)大(dà)。She brought up two children on her own.

More formal than 养(yǎng).

领养(lǐngyǎng)to adopt (a child)Verb4
他们(tāmen)从(cóng)孤儿院(gū'éryuàn)领养(lǐngyǎng)了(le)一(yí)个(ge)女孩(nǚhái)。They adopted a girl from an orphanage.
团聚(tuánjù)to be reunited; to gather (as a family)Verb4
春节(Chūnjié)是(shì)一家人(yìjiārén)团聚(tuánjù)的(de)日子(rìzi)。Spring Festival is the time when families come together.
过日子(guòrìzi)to live; to get by (day to day)Verb4
两(liǎng)个(ge)人(rén)过日子(guòrìzi),难免(nánmiǎn)会(huì)有(yǒu)矛盾(máodùn)。When two people share a life, some friction is bound to happen.

This list belongs to People and feelings — eleven lists and 442 words that can also be practised as a whole.

Practise this list

Multiple choice and gaps, drawn from exactly these 40 words. Whatever you get wrong comes back tomorrow.