learn 활용

뜻 배우다, 익히다
레벨 A1
활용 유형 불규칙

이 동사의 특이점

외워 둘 세 가지 기본형: learn – learnt – learnt. → 불규칙 동사
다음 형태도 맞습니다: learned.

굵게 밑줄 친 부분은 어미입니다. ◆ 표시는 규칙에서 벗어난 형태입니다.

직설법

Present simple현재

I	learn
you	learn
he/she/it	learns
we	learn
you	learn
they	learn

자세히: 현재 시제(Simple Present)

Past simple완료된 과거

I	learnt
you	learnt
he/she/it	learnt
we	learnt
you	learnt
they	learnt

자세히: 과거 시제(Simple Past)

Present perfect현재완료

I	have learnt
you	have learnt
he/she/it	has learnt
we	have learnt
you	have learnt
they	have learnt

자세히: 현재완료(Present Perfect)

Past perfect과거완료

I	had learnt
you	had learnt
he/she/it	had learnt
we	had learnt
you	had learnt
they	had learnt

자세히: 과거완료(Past Perfect)

Future (will)미래

I	will learn
you	will learn
he/she/it	will learn
we	will learn
you	will learn
they	will learn

자세히: will

Future perfect미래완료

I	will have learnt
you	will have learnt
he/she/it	will have learnt
we	will have learnt
you	will have learnt
they	will have learnt

조건법

Conditional (would)조건법

I	would learn
you	would learn
he/she/it	would learn
we	would learn
you	would learn
they	would learn

자세히: 2형 조건문

Conditional perfect조건법 과거

I	would have learnt
you	would have learnt
he/she/it	would have learnt
we	would have learnt
you	would have learnt
they	would have learnt

진행형

Present progressive현재진행

I	am learning
you	are learning
he/she/it	is learning
we	are learning
you	are learning
they	are learning

자세히: 현재진행형(Present Progressive)

Past progressive과거진행

I	was learning
you	were learning
he/she/it	was learning
we	were learning
you	were learning
they	were learning

자세히: 과거진행형(Past Progressive)

Present perfect progressive현재완료진행

I	have been learning
you	have been learning
he/she/it	has been learning
we	have been learning
you	have been learning
they	have been learning

자세히: 현재완료진행형(Present Perfect Progressive)

Past perfect progressive과거완료진행

I	had been learning
you	had been learning
he/she/it	had been learning
we	had been learning
you	had been learning
they	had been learning

Future progressive미래진행

I	will be learning
you	will be learning
he/she/it	will be learning
we	will be learning
you	will be learning
they	will be learning

명령법

Imperative긍정 명령

you	learn
we	let's learn

자세히: 명령문

비한정형

Infinitive and participles부정사, 동명사, 분사

infinitive	learn
to-infinitive	to learn
-ing form	learning
past participle	learnt

자세히: 불규칙 동사 · 뒤에 -ing 형태가 오는 동사

과정에 나오는 예문

모든 문장은 이 과정의 단어 목록이나 문법 주제에서 가져왔습니다. 동사 형태에 표시가 있고, 그 아래에 어떤 시제와 인칭인지 적혀 있습니다.

I want to learn Spanish.스페인어를 배우고 싶어요.
learn — Present simple · I; Present simple · you
learnt (BE) / learned (AE)배웠다 (과거형 / 과거분사)
learnt — Past simple · I; Past simple · you · 불규칙 동사
How long have you been learning English?영어를 배운 지 얼마나 됐어요?
learning — -ing form · 현재완료진행형(Present Perfect Progressive)
She wants to learn Spanish.그녀는 스페인어를 배우고 싶어 해요.
learn — Present simple · I; Present simple · you · 바라는 것 말하기: would like, want, like
She learnt Spanish in a year.그녀는 1년 만에 스페인어를 익혔어요.
learnt — Past simple · I; Past simple · you

흔한 함정

틀림 If I would have more time, I would learn Spanish.

맞음 If I had more time, I would learn Spanish.

한국 학습자의 대표적인 실수는 두 가지예요. 하나는 형태를 아예 바꾸지 않는 것이에요. “시간이 더 있다면(사실은 없지만)”이라고 말하고 싶은데 If I have more time, I will learn Spanish라고 하면, 듣는 사람은 정말 배울 계획이 있다고 생각해요. 다른 하나는 “-ㄹ 텐데”의 느낌을 두 부분 모두에 넣는 것이에요. If I would have more time. would는 주절에만 오고, if절은 과거 시제예요.

2형 조건문

짧은 연습

빈칸 5개. 먼저 위의 예문에서, 다음으로 활용표에서 나옵니다. 모든 답이 복습에 반영됩니다.