A1 · 40 Wörter
The flat and the household
Rooms, furniture and the things that break — plus the nine prepositions that take two cases, which live here.
Talking about a flat means saying where things are, which is where the two-case prepositions turn up in every second sentence. Das Buch liegt auf dem Tisch is a position and takes the dative; ich lege das Buch auf den Tisch is a movement and takes the accusative. Same preposition, same table, different question. German also distinguishes three verbs where English mostly uses one: liegen for something lying flat, stehen for something upright, hängen for something suspended. A book on a table liegt; a bottle on a table steht. It is not a nicety — using the wrong one is noticed immediately.
Die Wörter
Verb (10)
liegento lie, to be lyingVerbA1
For something flat. Strong: liegen – lag – gelegen.
stehento stand, to be standingVerbA1
For something upright. Strong: stehen – stand – gestanden.
hängento hangVerbA2
Intransitive it is strong (hing, gehangen); transitive, meaning to hang something up, it is weak.
sitzento sit, to be sittingVerbA1
Strong: sitzen – saß – gesessen.
stellento put (upright)VerbA2
The movement partner of "stehen", and it takes the accusative.
legento put (flat), to layVerbA2
The movement partner of "liegen", and it takes the accusative.
aufräumento tidy upVerbA2
Separable: the prefix goes to the end.
putzento cleanVerbA2
waschento washVerbA2
Strong, with a vowel change: du wäschst, er wäscht.
umziehento move houseVerbA2
Separable, and it takes "sein" in the perfect: ich bin umgezogen.
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