Collective bargaining

The word on this page an English reader is likeliest to misread is außertariflich, because it seems to have « tariff » inside it. The two words are related, but they have gone separate ways. In English a tariff is a duty charged on imports, or at most a schedule of prices. In German labour law der Tarif is the pay scale fixed by a collective agreement, and that is the sense in every compound here. Ein außertariflicher Angestellter is therefore not somebody exempt from customs but an employee whose salary lies outside the scale, usually above its top grade, and is agreed individually. The same stem runs through the rest of the list: die Tarifrunde, die Tarifflucht, nach Tarif bezahlen. Read Tarif as « the collectively agreed rates » and none of them points towards a border.