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C2  ·  30 words

Hydraulics and pneumatics

Cylinders, valves, pumps and hoses — how force travels through oil and air, and where it leaks away.

One entry on this list has left the workshop: auf dem Schlauch stehen. Word for word it is standing on the hose, and the picture explains itself — somebody is treading on the line and wondering why nothing comes out at the other end. German uses it for a moment of slowness in the head: everything needed is there, it simply is not getting through. Ich stehe gerade auf dem Schlauch is what you say when a colleague’s explanation has not landed yet, and in the first person it is friendly and a little self-mocking. Aimed at somebody else, du stehst wohl auf dem Schlauch, it teases and can sting. English has no hose here; it says that someone is slow on the uptake, or that it is drawing a blank. The phrase belongs to talk, never to a maintenance report — which is exactly where a fitter will hear it, standing beside a real one.

The words

Verb (2)

ausfahrento extend (of a cylinder)VerbC1
Die Presse bleibt stehen, obwohl der Zylinder noch nicht ganz ausgefahren ist.The press stops although the cylinder has not fully extended.

Separable. With sein when the cylinder moves, with haben when somebody extends it. Opposite: einfahren.

drosselnto throttle, to restrict (a flow)VerbC1
Damit der Zylinder langsamer ausfährt, drosselt man den Abfluss und nicht den Zulauf.To make the cylinder extend more slowly, you restrict the outflow rather than the inflow.

Also figurative: die Produktion drosseln, to cut back output.

This list belongs to Technology and the news — 45 lists and 1598 words that can also be practised as a whole.

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Multiple choice and gaps, drawn from exactly these 30 words. Whatever you get wrong comes back tomorrow.