A2 · 56 words
Feelings and character in German
How somebody is and how somebody feels — two constructions that look alike and are not.
German has three ways of saying how you feel and they are not interchangeable. Ich bin müde uses an adjective and behaves like English. Ich habe Angst uses a noun where English uses an adjective. And mir ist kalt puts the person in the dative and leaves the sentence without a proper subject at all. The third pattern is the one worth watching for, because it recurs: mir ist schlecht, mir ist langweilig, es geht mir gut, das tut mir leid. In each of them the feeling happens to the person rather than being something they are.
The words
Verb (12)
sich freuento be pleased, to look forwardVerbA2
With "auf" it is looking forward; with "über" it is being pleased about something that has happened.
sich ärgernto be annoyedVerbB1
Reflexive, with "über" plus the accusative.
lachento laughVerbA2
Takes "über" for what you are laughing at.
weinento cryVerbA2
lächelnto smileVerbB1
Loses the -e- in the ich form: ich lächle.
hoffento hopeVerbA2
"hoffentlich" is the adverb: hopefully.
leidtunto be sorryVerbA1
Separable, with the person in the dative.
vertrauento trustVerbB1
Takes a dative for the person.
sich interessierento be interested (in)VerbA2
aussehento look, to appearVerbA2
Separable: sieht aus, sah aus, ausgesehen.
spürento feel, to senseVerbB1
sorgento provide (for); sich sorgen: to worryVerbA2
für etwas sorgen: to see to something; sich um jemanden sorgen: to worry about somebody.
Noun (10)
das GefühlfeelingNounA2
Plural: die Gefühle.
die Stimmungmood, atmosphereNounB1
Plural: die Stimmungen. Of a person it is a mood, of a room an atmosphere.
die AngstfearNounA2
Plural: die Ängste. German has fear rather than being afraid.
die Freudejoy, pleasureNounB1
Plural: die Freuden.
der CharaktercharacterNounB1
Plural: die Charaktere. Stress on the second syllable.
der TraumdreamNounA2
Plural: die Träume.
der WunschwishNounA2
Plural: die Wünsche.
die SorgeworryNounA2
Plural: die Sorgen.
der KusskissNounA2
Plural: die Küsse.
die Erinnerungmemory; reminderNounB1
Plural: die Erinnerungen.
Adjective (33)
frohglad, pleasedAdjectiveA2
glücklichhappyAdjectiveA2
Stronger than English "happy" — closer to genuinely joyful.
traurigsadAdjectiveA2
böseangry; wickedAdjectiveA2
Takes a dative for the person: jemandem böse sein.
wütendfuriousAdjectiveB1
Much stronger than "böse".
nervösnervousAdjectiveA2
ruhigcalm, quietAdjectiveA1
As a particle it means "go ahead": frag ruhig.
aufgeregtexcited, worked upAdjectiveB1
Covers both excitement and agitation.
überraschtsurprisedAdjectiveB1
enttäuschtdisappointedAdjectiveB1
Takes "von" for the source.
stolzproudAdjectiveB1
Takes "auf" plus the accusative.
zufriedensatisfied, contentAdjectiveB1
Takes "mit" plus the dative.
nettnice, kindAdjectiveA1
freundlichfriendlyAdjectiveA1
höflichpoliteAdjectiveB1
geduldigpatientAdjectiveB1
The noun is "die Geduld".
ehrlichhonestAdjectiveB1
"ehrlich gesagt" means "to be honest".
faullazy; rottenAdjectiveA2
Of fruit it means rotten.
fleißighard-working, diligentAdjectiveB1
A compliment in German with no exact English single word.
lustigfunny, amusingAdjectiveA2
Not "lusty" — a false friend.
ernstseriousAdjectiveB1
"im Ernst?" means "seriously?"
sichersure; safeAdjectiveA2
Two meanings, and both are common.
unsicherunsure; unsafeAdjectiveB1
The un- prefix negates any adjective.
erschöpftexhaustedAdjectiveB1
A step beyond "müde".
sattfull, not hungryAdjectiveA2
The counterpart of "hungrig". Also "etwas satt haben", to be fed up with something.
langweiligboringAdjectiveA2
"mir ist langweilig" means "I am bored" — the dative pattern again.
interessantinterestingAdjectiveA2
liebkind, dearAdjectiveA1
schadea pity, a shameAdjectiveA2
schlimmbad, seriousAdjectiveA2
beliebtpopularAdjectiveA2
berühmtfamousAdjectiveA2
hübschprettyAdjectiveA1
Adverb (1)
leidsorry (es tut mir leid)AdverbA1
Also etwas leid sein: to be tired of something.
This list belongs to People and relationships — 17 lists and 693 words that can also be practised as a whole.
Practise this list
From these 56 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.