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C2  ·  23 words

Building services in Portuguese

Heat, air and water inside a house.

Practise this list

From these 23 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.

More about this list

The eleventh entry is o ensaio de estanquidade ao ar, and the noun in the middle of it is the ancestor of an English word nobody would file beside it. Estanque means holding water in, letting nothing through, and a estanquidade is that quality measured. Old French had the same adjective, estanche, watertight, and English took it over twice. Once as a verb: to « stanch » a wound is to stop what is running out of it, and a plumber still stanches a leak. Once as an adjective, and there the word went travelling. What holds water is firm, what is firm can be relied on, and by the middle of the fifteenth century the sense had left the water behind. All that survives today is loyalty: « a staunch ally », « a staunch defender », « staunch support », said of people and never of pipes. Two spellings now sort the halves, and not reliably even then. So the family word under a house reported estanque is the one English keeps for somebody who does not let anybody down.

The words

Noun (f) (9)

Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo

a carga térmica de aquecimentothe heating loadNoun (f)C2
A carga térmica de aquecimento calcula-se para o dia mais frio.The heating load is worked out for the coldest day of the year.
a temperatura de retornothe return temperatureNoun (f)C2
Uma temperatura de retorno baixa faz a caldeira condensar.A low return temperature makes the boiler condense.
a água quente sanitáriathe domestic hot waterNoun (f)C2
A água quente sanitária tem de chegar quente à torneira mais distante.The domestic hot water has to reach the furthest tap still hot.
a tubagem de recirculaçãothe circulation pipeworkNoun (f)C2
A tubagem de recirculação poupa água e gasta energia.The circulation pipework saves water and costs energy.
a ventilação mecânica controladathe controlled mechanical ventilationNoun (f)C2
A ventilação mecânica controlada troca o ar sem abrir janelas.Controlled mechanical ventilation changes the air with no window open.
a taxa de renovação do arthe air change rateNoun (f)C2
A taxa de renovação do ar mede quantas vezes o ar é trocado por hora.The air change rate measures how often the air is replaced in an hour.
a massa térmicathe thermal massNoun (f)C2
A massa térmica das paredes atrasa o calor do dia.The thermal mass of the walls holds back the heat of the day.
a automação do edifíciothe building automationNoun (f)C2
A automação do edifício desliga a luz quando a sala esvazia.Building automation switches the light off once the room empties.
a caldeira de condensaçãothe condensing boilerNoun (f)C2
A caldeira de condensação só compensa com radiadores grandes.A condensing boiler only pays off with large radiators.

Noun (m) (14)

Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo

o equilíbrio hidráulicothe hydraulic balancingNoun (m)C2
Sem equilíbrio hidráulico, o último radiador fica frio.Without hydraulic balancing, the last radiator stays cold.
o rendimento sazonalthe seasonal performance factorNoun (m)C2
O rendimento sazonal conta o ano inteiro, não o dia bom.The seasonal performance factor counts the whole year, not the good day.
o depósito de inérciathe buffer tankNoun (m)C2
O depósito de inércia evita que a máquina ligue e desligue sempre.The buffer tank stops the machine switching on and off all the time.
o risco de legionelathe legionella riskNoun (m)C2
O risco de legionela cresce na água morna e parada.The legionella risk grows in lukewarm, standing water.
o ensaio de estanquidade ao arthe airtightness testNoun (m)C2
O ensaio de estanquidade ao ar faz-se com uma ventoinha na porta.The airtightness test is carried out with a fan set in the doorway.
o coeficiente de transmissão térmicathe U-valueNoun (m)C2
O coeficiente de transmissão térmica da janela é pior do que o da parede.The U-value of the window is worse than the U-value of the wall.
o ganho solarthe solar gainNoun (m)C2
No inverno o ganho solar ajuda, no verão incomoda.In winter the solar gain helps, in summer it is a nuisance.
o sombreamentothe shadingNoun (m)C2
O sombreamento pela parte de fora é o que resulta.Shading fitted on the outside is the shading that works.
o sobreaquecimento no verãothe summer overheatingNoun (m)C2
O sobreaquecimento no verão apanha sobretudo as casas novas.Summer overheating catches new houses above all.
o arrefecimento noturnothe night coolingNoun (m)C2
O arrefecimento noturno custa apenas abrir as janelas.Night cooling costs no more than opening the windows.
o desvio de desempenhothe performance gapNoun (m)C2
O desvio de desempenho mede o que o projeto prometeu e a casa gasta.The performance gap measures what the design promised against what the house uses.
o fator de energia primáriathe primary energy factorNoun (m)C2
O fator de energia primária pesa a eletricidade mais do que o gás.The primary energy factor weighs electricity more heavily than gas.
o ponto de contagemthe metering pointNoun (m)C2
Cada fração tem o seu ponto de contagem.Every unit has a metering point of its own.
o gás de combustãothe flue gasNoun (m)C2
O gás de combustão sai já quase frio.The flue gas leaves the appliance almost cold already.

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