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N5  ·  42 words

Clothes and belongings

What you wear, what you carry, and the verbs for putting each on.

Japanese has no single verb for wearing. Which one you use depends on where the item goes: 着(き)る for things on the upper body, はく for anything you step into — trousers, socks, shoes — かぶる for the head and かける for glasses. Small accessories such as a tie or a watch are simply する. What somebody has on right now is said with 〜ています: 帽子(ぼうし)をかぶっています is "is wearing a hat", not "is putting one on".

The words

Verb (9)

着(き)るto put on, to wear (shirts, coats, dresses)VerbN5
今日(きょう)は白(しろ)いシャツを着(き)ます。Today I will wear a white shirt.

For shirts, jumpers, coats and dresses — anything on the upper body or the whole body.

脱(ぬ)ぐto take off (clothes, shoes)VerbN5
家(いえ)に入(はい)るときは、靴(くつ)を脱(ぬ)ぎます。You take your shoes off when you go into a house.

One verb for taking off everything, whatever verb put it on.

はくto put on, to wear (below the waist; shoes)VerbN5
靴下(くつした)をはいてから、靴(くつ)をはきます。I put on my socks and then my shoes.

For trousers, skirts, socks and shoes. For shoes the kanji 履(は)く is also used.

かぶるto put on, to wear (on the head)VerbN5
子供(こども)たちは黄色(きいろ)い帽子(ぼうし)をかぶっています。The children are wearing yellow hats.
かけるto put on (glasses); to hangVerbN5
兄(あに)は眼鏡(めがね)をかけています。My older brother wears glasses.

The same verb hangs a coat on a hook and makes a phone call: 電話(でんわ)をかける.

持(も)つto hold; to carry; to haveVerbN5
重(おも)いかばんを持(も)ちましょうか。Shall I carry your heavy bag?

持(も)っています is the usual way to say you own something or have it on you.

忘(わす)れるto forget; to leave behindVerbN5
電車(でんしゃ)に傘(かさ)を忘(わす)れました。I left my umbrella on the train.

The place where something is left behind takes に.

着替(きが)えるto change (clothes)VerbN4
家(いえ)に帰(かえ)ったら、すぐ着替(きが)えます。As soon as I get home, I change my clothes.
さすto put up (an umbrella)VerbN4
雨(あめ)が降(ふ)っていますから、傘(かさ)をさしましょう。It is raining, so let's put our umbrellas up.

Written 差(さ)す in kanji, but kana is usual for umbrellas.

Noun (33)

服(ふく)clothesNounN5
新(あたら)しい服(ふく)を買(か)いました。I bought some new clothes.
洋服(ようふく)clothes (Western-style)NounN5
姉(あね)は洋服(ようふく)が好(す)きです。My older sister loves clothes.

Originally Western dress as opposed to kimono; now simply clothes, a little more formal than 服(ふく).

シャツshirtNounN5
この白(しろ)いシャツは父(ちち)のです。This white shirt is my father's.
ワイシャツdress shirt (worn with a suit)NounN5
会社(かいしゃ)にはワイシャツを着(き)て行(い)きます。I wear a dress shirt to the office.

From English "white shirt", but it means the buttoned shirt worn with a suit, whatever its colour.

ズボンtrousersNounN5
黒(くろ)いズボンをはいています。I am wearing black trousers.

Put on with はく, like a skirt or shoes.

スカートskirtNounN5
妹(いもうと)は赤(あか)いスカートをはいています。My younger sister is wearing a red skirt.
セーターjumper; sweaterNounN5
寒(さむ)いですから、セーターを着(き)ます。It is cold, so I will put on a jumper.
コートcoatNounN5
このコートはとても暖(あたた)かいです。This coat is very warm.
上着(うわぎ)jacket; outer layerNounN5
上着(うわぎ)はここに置(お)いてください。Please leave your jacket here.
靴(くつ)shoesNounN5
新(あたら)しい靴(くつ)で学校(がっこう)へ行(い)きました。I went to school in my new shoes.

Pairs are counted with 〜足(そく): 一足(いっそく), one pair.

靴下(くつした)socksNounN5
靴下(くつした)を二足(にそく)買(か)いました。I bought two pairs of socks.
帽子(ぼうし)hat; capNounN5
外(そと)は暑(あつ)いですから、帽子(ぼうし)をかぶってください。It is hot outside, so please wear a hat.
ネクタイtieNounN5
父(ちち)は青(あお)いネクタイをしています。My father is wearing a blue tie.

Worn with する; 締(し)める, to tie, is the more exact verb.

眼鏡(めがね)glassesNounN5
本(ほん)を読(よ)むとき、眼鏡(めがね)をかけます。I put my glasses on when I read.

Often written in kana, めがね. Worn with かける.

時計(とけい)watch; clockNounN5
この時計(とけい)は兄(あに)にもらいました。My older brother gave me this watch.

Both a wristwatch and a clock; a wristwatch alone is 腕時計(うでどけい).

傘(かさ)umbrellaNounN5
雨(あめ)ですから、傘(かさ)を持(も)って行(い)きます。It is raining, so I will take an umbrella.
かばんbagNounN5
私(わたし)のかばんは机(つくえ)の上(うえ)にあります。My bag is on the desk.

Often written in kana.

財布(さいふ)wallet; purseNounN5
財布(さいふ)の中(なか)にお金(かね)がありません。There is no money in my wallet.
ハンカチhandkerchiefNounN5
ハンカチで手(て)を拭(ふ)きました。I dried my hands with a handkerchief.

Carried to dry the hands, because not every public toilet has towels or a dryer.

ポケットpocketNounN5
鍵(かぎ)はポケットに入(い)れました。I put the key in my pocket.
ボタンbuttonNounN5
シャツのボタンが取(と)れました。A button has come off my shirt.

Also the button you press on a machine.

ベルトbeltNounN5
このベルトは少(すこ)し長(なが)いです。This belt is a little long.
スーツsuitNounN5
兄(あに)は毎日(まいにち)スーツを着(き)て会社(かいしゃ)へ行(い)きます。My older brother wears a suit to work every day.
ジーンズjeansNounN5
休(やす)みの日(ひ)はジーンズをはきます。On my days off I wear jeans.
パジャマpyjamasNounN5
寝(ね)る前(まえ)にパジャマに着替(きが)えます。I change into my pyjamas before going to bed.
手袋(てぶくろ)glovesNounN4
寒(さむ)い日(ひ)は手袋(てぶくろ)をします。On cold days I wear gloves.

Worn with する or はめる.

マフラーscarfNounN4
このマフラーは母(はは)が作(つく)りました。My mother made this scarf.
下着(したぎ)underwearNounN4
旅行(りょこう)のために下着(したぎ)を買(か)いました。I bought some underwear for the trip.
水着(みずぎ)swimming costumeNounN4
海(うみ)に行(い)くので、水着(みずぎ)を買(か)いました。I bought a swimming costume because I am going to the seaside.
指輪(ゆびわ)ringNounN4
きれいな指輪(ゆびわ)ですね。What a beautiful ring.
ネックレスnecklaceNounN4
誕生日(たんじょうび)にネックレスをもらいました。I was given a necklace for my birthday.
ブーツbootsNounN4
雪(ゆき)の日(ひ)はブーツをはきます。On snowy days I wear boots.
持(も)ち物(もの)belongings; things you have with youNounN4
自分(じぶん)の持(も)ち物(もの)に名前(なまえ)を書(か)いてください。Please write your name on your belongings.

This list belongs to Home and daily life — ten lists and 404 words that can also be practised as a whole.

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Multiple choice and gaps, drawn from exactly these 42 words. Whatever you get wrong comes back tomorrow.