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B1 · 46 words
Relationships and friendship in Turkish
Making and keeping friends, trust and respect, arguing, apologising and making up, breaking up and loneliness.
Practise this list
Ways to practise
From these 46 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list In relationships it comes down to the case the verb takes. Whom you make up or argue with takes -le (kardeşimle barıştım “I made up with my brother”), whom you apologise to is in the ablative (senden özür dilerim “I apologise to you”, literally “from you”), and whom you are cross with in the dative (bana küstü “he is not speaking to me”). “Each other” is birbiri with a possessive ending: birbirimizi “each other” (us) birbirlerine “to each other” (them) aramızda , “between us”.
The words
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Verb (13)
boşanmak to get divorced Verb B1 Komşularımız geçen yıl boşandı. Our neighbours got divorced last year.
From whom: ablative, eşinden boşandı .
barışmak to make up Verb B1 kavga etmek to fight, to quarrel Verb B1 Kardeşimle küçükken hep kavga ederdik. When we were small my brother and I were always fighting.
With whom: -le .
küsmek to stop speaking to someone, to sulk Verb B1 Can bana küstü, iki gündür konuşmuyor. Can is cross with me, he has not spoken for two days.
With whom: dative. The silence after a quarrel; aorist küser .
gücenmek to be offended, to take offence Verb B1 Onu davet etmediğim için bana gücendi. She was offended because I had not invited her.
With whom: dative.
özür dilemek to apologise Verb B1 Geç kaldığım için arkadaşımdan özür diledim. I apologised to my friend for being late.
To whom: ablative. The fixed phrase: özür dilerim .
affetmek to forgive Verb B1 dertleşmek to pour out one’s troubles to each other Verb B1 Akşam annemle uzun uzun dertleştik. In the evening my mother and I had a long heart-to-heart.
With whom: -le .
tanıştırmak to introduce Verb B1 Seni kuzenimle tanıştırayım. Let me introduce you to my cousin.
Whom: accusative; to whom: -le . To meet someone yourself: tanışmak .
ilgilenmek to look after; to be interested in Verb B1 Annem hafta sonu torunlarıyla ilgileniyor. At the weekend my mother looks after her grandchildren.
Whom, in what: -le , müzikle ilgileniyorum .
Conjugation of ilgilenmek →
yalan söylemek to lie, to tell a lie Verb B1 Bana yalan söyleme, her şeyi biliyorum. Do not lie to me, I know everything.
To whom: dative.
kandırmak to deceive, to trick Verb B1 Satıcı bizi kandırdı, telefon bozuk çıktı. The seller tricked us, the phone turned out to be broken.
Whom: accusative.
Conjugation of kandırmak →
yakınlaşmak to grow closer Verb B1 Aynı projede çalışınca iyice yakınlaştık. Working on the same project we grew really close.
Noun (23)
arkadaşlık friendship Noun B1 Arkadaşlığımız üniversitede başladı. Our friendship began at university.
The k softens before a vowel: arkadaşlığı .
dostluk close friendship Noun B1 Aramızdaki dostluk yirmi yıldır sürüyor. The friendship between us has lasted twenty years.
dost close friend Noun B1 Zor günlerde gerçek dostlarını tanırsın. In hard times you find out who your real friends are.
Closer and weightier than arkadaş .
yakın arkadaş close friend, best friend Noun B1 Elif benim en yakın arkadaşım. Elif is my best friend.
çocukluk arkadaşı childhood friend Noun B1 Dün çarşıda çocukluk arkadaşımla karşılaştım. Yesterday I ran into my childhood friend in town.
A compound with -ı ; the possessive replaces it: çocukluk arkadaşım .
ilişki relationship Noun B1 Kardeşimle ilişkim son yıllarda çok düzeldi. My relationship with my brother has got much better in recent years.
ayrılık separation, parting Noun B1 Ayrılık ikisi için de zor oldu. The separation was hard for both of them.
kavga fight, quarrel Noun B1 Dün akşam aramızda küçük bir kavga çıktı. Yesterday evening we had a little quarrel.
Louder than tartışma ; also a fight with fists.
güven trust Noun B1 Güven bir kez kaybolunca zor geri gelir. Once trust is lost, it is hard to get back.
The verb: -e güvenmek “to trust someone”.
yalnızlık loneliness Noun B1 Yeni şehirde ilk aylarda yalnızlık çektim. I was lonely for the first few months in the new city.
yalnızlık çekmek “to suffer from loneliness”.
destek support Noun B1 Zor günümde ailem bana çok destek oldu. My family gave me a lot of support in my difficult time.
destek olmak “to support” (dative); the k softens: desteği .
kıskançlık jealousy Noun B1 Kıskançlık ilişkiye zarar verir. Jealousy harms a relationship.
hayal kırıklığı disappointment Noun B1 Konser iptal olunca büyük bir hayal kırıklığı yaşadık. When the concert was cancelled we were very disappointed.
Literally “breaking of a dream”.
sır secret Noun B1 Bu konu aramızda bir sır olarak kalsın. Let this stay a secret between us.
The r doubles before a vowel: sırrım , sırrını .
dert trouble, worry Noun B1 Bana derdini anlat, belki yardım ederim. Tell me what is bothering you, maybe I can help.
The t softens before a vowel: derdi .
ilgi interest; attention Noun B1 Kitaplara ilgisi küçükken başladı. Her interest in books began when she was little.
In what: dative, müziğe ilgi .
saygı respect Noun B1 Büyüklere saygı göstermek önemli. It is important to show respect to older people.
To whom: dative.
iletişim contact, communication Noun B1 Uzakta yaşasak da iletişimimizi koparmadık. Even though we live far apart, we have stayed in touch.
mesafe distance Noun B1 O tartışmadan sonra aramıza bir mesafe girdi. After that argument a distance grew between us.
evlilik marriage Noun B1 Anneannemle dedemin evliliği elli yıl sürdü. My grandparents’ marriage lasted fifty years.
eski sevgili ex (boyfriend, girlfriend) Noun B1 Düğünde eski sevgilisiyle karşılaştı. At the wedding she ran into her ex-boyfriend.
kayınvalide mother-in-law Noun B1 Kayınvalidem pazar günleri bize yemeğe geliyor. My mother-in-law comes to us for lunch on Sundays.
Colloquially also kaynana .
kayınpeder father-in-law Noun B1 Kayınpederim emekli bir öğretmen. My father-in-law is a retired teacher.
Adjective (4)
sadık loyal, faithful Adjective B1 Mehmet sadık bir dosttur. Mehmet is a loyal friend.
To what: dative, sözüne sadık “true to his word”.
samimi warm, close; sincere Adjective B1 Yeni komşularımızla hemen samimi olduk. We got close to our new neighbours straight away.
anlayışlı understanding Adjective B1 Patronum bu konuda çok anlayışlı davrandı. My boss was very understanding about it.
saygılı respectful, considerate Adjective B1 Komşularına karşı her zaman saygılı davranır. He is always considerate towards his neighbours.
Pronoun (1)
birbiri each other (with a possessive) Pronoun B1 Yıllardır birbirimizi tanıyoruz. We have known each other for years.
Always with a possessive: birbirimiz (us), birbiriniz (you), birbirleri (them).
Phrase (5)
sır tutmak to keep a secret Phrase B1 Ayşe sır tutmayı iyi bilir. Ayşe is good at keeping secrets.
değer vermek to value Phrase B1 Arkadaşlarıma çok değer veririm. I value my friends very much.
Whom, what: dative.
hal hatır sormak to ask how someone is Phrase B1 Dedem her telefonda herkesin hal hatırını sorar. Every time he phones, my grandfather asks how everyone is.
Whose: genitive and possessive, annemin hal hatırını sordum .
arkadaş edinmek to make friends Phrase B1 Oğlum yeni okulunda kolayca arkadaş edindi. My son made friends easily at his new school.
âşık olmak to fall in love Phrase B1 Üniversitede birbirlerine âşık oldular. They fell in love at university.
With whom: dative, ona âşık oldum .
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This list belongs to Family, people and feelings — five lists and 210 words that can also be practised as a whole.
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