C2 · 50 words
Nuclear engineering in Spanish
Reaction, reactor, safety and waste — the words in which nuclear power is discussed.
La vasija del reactor is the reactor vessel, and here it is English that keeps one word for three things. La vasija is a container, a pot — and that is all it is. Our « vessel » is that, and it is also a ship (el buque), and it is the tube blood runs in (el vaso sanguíneo). Latin vas lies under all three, and English carried the whole family across while Spanish kept them in separate rooms. A « blood vessel » in Spanish is never a vasija of anything.
The words
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Phrase (46)
la fisión nuclearthe splitting of a heavy centre into two lighter onesPhraseC2
La fisión nuclear parte un núcleo pesado en dos.Nuclear fission splits a heavy nucleus in two.
la fusión nuclearthe joining of two light centres into onePhraseC2
La fusión nuclear une núcleos ligeros.Nuclear fusion joins light nuclei.
la reacción en cadenathe reaction that keeps itself going once it has startedPhraseC2
La reacción en cadena se mantiene si sobrevive un neutrón.The chain reaction holds if one neutron survives.
el factor de multiplicaciónthe number that says whether it grows, holds or dies awayPhraseC2
El factor de multiplicación vale uno en marcha estable.The multiplication factor is one in steady running.
el neutrón retardadothe neutron that arrives late, and by being late makes control possiblePhraseC2
El neutrón retardado hace controlable el reactor.The delayed neutron makes the reactor controllable.
el refrigerante primariothe water that takes the heat out of the core and never leaves the loopPhraseC2
El refrigerante primario circula en circuito cerrado.The primary coolant circulates in a closed loop.
la barra de controlthe rod pushed in to swallow neutrons and quieten thingsPhraseC2
La barra de control absorbe neutrones.The control rod absorbs neutrons.
el elemento combustiblethe bundle of rods that sits in the core for four yearsPhraseC2
El elemento combustible permanece cuatro años en el núcleo.The fuel assembly stays four years in the core.
la pastilla de combustiblethe little ceramic tablets the fuel is pressed intoPhraseC2
La pastilla de combustible mide un centímetro.The fuel pellet measures a centimetre.
la vaina del combustiblethe metal tube round those tablets, the first thing between them and usPhraseC2
La vaina del combustible es la primera barrera.The fuel cladding is the first barrier.
el enriquecimiento del uraniothe raising of the useful isotope from a fraction of a per cent to a fewPhraseC2
El enriquecimiento del uranio llega al cinco por ciento.Uranium enrichment reaches five per cent.
el grado de quemadohow much energy has been taken out of a given weight of fuelPhraseC2
El grado de quemado indica cuánta energía se extrajo.The burn-up shows how much energy was taken out.
el ciclo del combustible nuclearthe whole way from the mine to wherever it finally restsPhraseC2
El ciclo del combustible nuclear va de la mina al almacén.The nuclear fuel cycle runs from the mine to the store.
la vasija del reactorthe steel pot the core stands in, and the one part nobody can replacePhraseC2
La vasija del reactor no se puede sustituir.The reactor vessel cannot be replaced.
el edificio de contenciónthe building that would hold the pressure if that pot did notPhraseC2
El edificio de contención aguanta la presión de un accidente.The containment building withstands the pressure of an accident.
la barrera múltiplethe principle of never trusting one wallPhraseC2
La barrera múltiple no confía en un solo obstáculo.The multiple barrier does not trust a single obstacle.
la defensa en profundidadthe principle of assuming that something will fail anywayPhraseC2
La defensa en profundidad supone que algo fallará.Defence in depth assumes that something will fail.
el sistema de parada rápidathe shutdown that drops the rods by simply letting go of themPhraseC2
El sistema de parada rápida deja caer las barras por gravedad.The fast shutdown system drops the rods by gravity.
la seguridad pasivathe safety that works with no pump and no electricityPhraseC2
La seguridad pasiva funciona sin bomba ni corriente.Passive safety works without pump or current.
el calor residualthe heat that goes on coming for days after everything is offPhraseC2
El calor residual sigue días después de parar.Decay heat goes on for days after shutdown.
la pérdida de refrigerantethe accident in which the water gets outPhraseC2
La pérdida de refrigerante es el accidente de referencia.Loss of coolant is the reference accident.
la fusión del núcleowhat happens if nothing cools it for long enoughPhraseC2
La fusión del núcleo ocurre sin refrigeración prolongada.Core meltdown happens without prolonged cooling.
el accidente base de diseñothe accident the plant is built to survive, assumed from the first dayPhraseC2
El accidente base de diseño se supone desde el principio.The design basis accident is assumed from the start.
la piscina de combustible gastadothe tank where used fuel cools, needing circulation for yearsPhraseC2
La piscina de combustible gastado necesita circulación constante.The spent fuel pool needs constant circulation.
el almacenamiento en secothe same fuel later, standing in ventilated casks insteadPhraseC2
El almacenamiento en seco usa contenedores ventilados.Dry storage uses ventilated casks.
el residuo de alta actividadthe waste whose small volume holds nearly all of the radioactivityPhraseC2
El residuo de alta actividad concentra casi toda la radiactividad.High-level waste concentrates almost all the radioactivity.
el residuo de vida largathe waste whose difficulty is not how hot it is but how long it lastsPhraseC2
El residuo de vida larga plantea el problema del plazo.Long-lived waste raises the question of timescale.
el almacén geológico profundothe hole in stable rock where that waste is meant to end upPhraseC2
El almacén geológico profundo se busca en roca estable.The deep geological repository is sought in stable rock.
la vitrificación de residuosthe melting of waste into glass so that it cannot travelPhraseC2
La vitrificación de residuos los fija en una matriz.Vitrification of waste fixes it in a matrix.
el reprocesado del combustiblethe taking apart of used fuel to get the plutonium outPhraseC2
El reprocesado del combustible separa el plutonio.Fuel reprocessing separates the plutonium.
el desmantelamiento de la centralthe taking apart of the plant itself, which lasts decadesPhraseC2
El desmantelamiento de la central dura décadas.Dismantling the plant takes decades.
el fondo de desmantelamientothe money put aside for that while the plant is still earningPhraseC2
El fondo de desmantelamiento se dota durante la explotación.The decommissioning fund is built up during operation.
la vida útil de la instalaciónhow many years the plant may run, which can be extendedPhraseC2
La vida útil de la instalación se prorrogó diez años.The working life of the plant was extended by ten years.
la dosis efectivathe measure of how much harm a dose does, in millisievertsPhraseC2
La dosis efectiva se mide en milisieverts.The effective dose is measured in millisieverts.
el límite anual de dosisthe ceiling on that dose for a year, one for a worker and one for everybody elsePhraseC2
El límite anual de dosis distingue público y profesional.The annual dose limit distinguishes public from professional.
el dosímetro personalthe badge that records what one person actually receivedPhraseC2
El dosímetro personal se lee cada mes.The personal dosimeter is read every month.
la contaminación radiactivathe material that has settled on something and can be wiped off againPhraseC2
La contaminación radiactiva se puede retirar.Radioactive contamination can be removed.
la irradiación externathe rays that pass through something and stop when it moves awayPhraseC2
La irradiación externa cesa al alejarse.External irradiation ceases when one moves away.
el blindaje biológicotwo metres of concrete standing between the core and a personPhraseC2
El blindaje biológico es de hormigón de dos metros.The biological shield is two metres of concrete.
el período de semidesintegraciónthe time in which half of whatever is there has decayedPhraseC2
El período de semidesintegración del cesio es de treinta años.The half-life of caesium is thirty years.
la actividad específicahow much activity there is per kilo of the stuffPhraseC2
La actividad específica se expresa en becquerelios por kilo.Specific activity is given in becquerels per kilo.
el producto de fisiónone of the pieces a split nucleus breaks intoPhraseC2
El producto de fisión más móvil es el yodo.The most mobile fission product is iodine.
la salvaguardia nuclearthe counting and watching that makes sure nothing is quietly removedPhraseC2
La salvaguardia nuclear verifica que nada se desvía.Nuclear safeguards verify that nothing is diverted.
la autoridad reguladora nuclearthe body that watches the plant and does not work for itPhraseC2
La autoridad reguladora nuclear es independiente del operador.The nuclear regulator is independent of the operator.
el suceso notificablethe event that has to be reported within a dayPhraseC2
El suceso notificable se comunica en veinticuatro horas.The reportable event is notified within twenty-four hours.
la escala internacional de sucesos nuclearesthe seven-step ladder on which such events are rankedPhraseC2
La escala internacional de sucesos nucleares tiene siete niveles.The international nuclear event scale has seven levels.
Noun (f) (2)
la criticidadthe state in which it exactly holds, which is normal runningNoun (f)C2
La criticidad es el estado normal de funcionamiento.Criticality is the normal operating state.
la no proliferaciónthe keeping of the material out of the hands of new statesNoun (f)C2
La no proliferación descansa en inspecciones.Non-proliferation rests on inspections.
Noun (m) (2)
el moderadorwhat slows the neutrons down so that they can be caughtNoun (m)C2
El moderador frena los neutrones rápidos.The moderator slows the fast neutrons.
el actínidoone of the heavy elements that keeps the waste dangerous longestNoun (m)C2
El actínido domina la radiotoxicidad a largo plazo.The actinide dominates the long-term radiotoxicity.
This list belongs to Technology and industry — 26 lists and 1296 words that can also be practised as a whole.
Practise this list
From these 50 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.