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C2  ·  30 words

Arms control in Portuguese

Treaties that can be checked, and treaties that never are.

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From these 30 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.

More about this list

The seventh entry is a medida de confiança, and the noun inside it is one English has broken into pieces. A confiança covers the whole field: what one person places in another, what a government feels about its own position, and what a signature is meant to build between two states. English makes the reader choose. « Trust » is placed in a person or an institution and is moral, so that a broken trust is a betrayal rather than a miscalculation. « Confidence » looks forward and is about outcomes: confidence in a plan, in a currency, in one’s own arithmetic. « Reliance » is narrower again and nearly always legal, as in reliance on a statement somebody made. Only the second of the three works here, and the settled term is « a confidence-building measure », never « a trust-building measure ». One fossil shows how close the first two once stood: « a confidence trick » is named after the victim’s trust and not after the swindler’s poise, and « a con man » is that same word worn down. So a confiança asks a question before it can be rendered at all. Is it faith in a person, or an expectation about what will happen?

The words

Noun (m) (15)

Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo

o desarmamentodisarmamentNoun (m)C2
O desarmamento avança mais devagar do que a assinatura.Disarmament moves more slowly than the signature.
os meios técnicos nacionaisnational technical meansNoun (m)C2
Os meios técnicos nacionais observam sem entrar no país.National technical means observe without entering the country.
os dados de basethe baseline dataNoun (m)C2
Os dados de base servem de ponto de partida a tudo o resto.The baseline data serve as the footing for everything else.
o meio de lançamentothe delivery systemNoun (m)C2
O meio de lançamento conta tanto como a própria ogiva.The delivery system counts for as much as the warhead itself.
o material físsilfissile materialNoun (m)C2
O material físsil é pesado e contado à unidade.Fissile material is weighed and counted item by item.
o acordo de salvaguardasthe safeguards agreementNoun (m)C2
O acordo de salvaguardas abre as instalações à inspeção.The safeguards agreement opens the facilities to inspection.
o protocolo adicionalthe additional protocolNoun (m)C2
O protocolo adicional alarga aquilo que pode ser visitado.The additional protocol widens what may be visited.
o certificado de utilizador finalthe end-user certificateNoun (m)C2
O certificado de utilizador final diz onde a arma vai ficar.The end-user certificate says where the weapon will stay.
o regime de sançõesthe sanctions regimeNoun (m)C2
O regime de sanções tem uma lista e uma comissão.The sanctions regime has a list and a committee.
o regime do tratadothe treaty regimeNoun (m)C2
O regime do tratado sobrevive à saída de um membro.The treaty regime survives the departure of a member.
o protocolo de verificaçãothe verification protocolNoun (m)C2
O protocolo de verificação diz quem entra e com que aparelhos.The verification protocol says who goes in and with what equipment.
o inspetorthe inspectorNoun (m)C2
O inspetor sela aquilo que não pode ser mexido.The inspector seals whatever must not be touched.
o acesso controladomanaged accessNoun (m)C2
O acesso controlado esconde o segredo e mostra o resto.Managed access hides the secret and shows the rest.
o tempo de ruturathe breakout timeNoun (m)C2
O tempo de rutura mede-se em meses.The breakout time is measured in months.
o estado no limiarthe threshold stateNoun (m)C2
Um estado no limiar tem tudo menos a decisão tomada.A threshold state has everything except the decision taken.

Noun (f) (15)

Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo

a verificação do cumprimentoverification of complianceNoun (f)C2
A verificação do cumprimento é feita no terreno e por satélite.Verification of compliance is carried out on the ground and by satellite.
a inspeção por desafiothe challenge inspectionNoun (f)C2
A inspeção por desafio não precisa de convite.The challenge inspection needs no invitation.
a declaração de existênciasthe declaration of stocksNoun (f)C2
A declaração de existências abre o processo.The declaration of stocks opens the process.
a medida de confiançathe confidence-building measureNoun (f)C2
Uma medida de confiança pode ser um simples aviso prévio.A confidence-building measure can be as little as advance notice.
a linha diretathe direct lineNoun (f)C2
A linha direta liga dois gabinetes sem intermediários.The direct line connects two offices with nobody in between.
a contabilidade de materiaismaterial accountancyNoun (f)C2
A contabilidade de materiais tem de fechar ao grama.Material accountancy has to balance to the gram.
a cláusula de retiradathe withdrawal clauseNoun (f)C2
A cláusula de retirada exige um aviso com prazo.The withdrawal clause requires notice with a deadline.
a redução de arsenaisthe reduction of stockpilesNoun (f)C2
A redução de arsenais é contada e fotografada.The reduction of stockpiles is counted and photographed.
a instalação de destruiçãothe destruction facilityNoun (f)C2
A instalação de destruição foi construída só para isso.The destruction facility was built for that and nothing else.
a desminagemmine clearanceNoun (f)C2
A desminagem demora mais do que a guerra.Mine clearance takes longer than the war.
a vigilância à distânciaremote monitoringNoun (f)C2
A vigilância à distância trabalha com câmaras seladas.Remote monitoring works with sealed cameras.
a garantia de segurançathe security assuranceNoun (f)C2
A garantia de segurança foi dada por escrito.The security assurance was given in writing.
a doutrina de primeiro usothe first-use doctrineNoun (f)C2
A doutrina de primeiro uso é anunciada e logo discutida.The first-use doctrine is announced and immediately argued over.
a medida de transparênciathe transparency measureNoun (f)C2
Uma medida de transparência custa pouco e mostra muito.A transparency measure costs little and shows a great deal.
as forças convencionaisconventional forcesNoun (f)C2
As forças convencionais também entram na contagem.Conventional forces enter the count as well.

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