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C2  ·  25 words

Toxicology in Portuguese

The dose, the way in and the way out again.

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From these 25 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.

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The third entry is a dose diária admissível, and the adjective at the end is the one place on this page where English stands apart from everybody. Admissível means allowable, what a rule will let through, and French, Spanish and Italian all keep exactly that word in the settled term. Ours went to court instead. « Admissible » now belongs almost entirely to evidence and to pleadings — « admissible evidence », « the appeal was held not admissible » — and it asks whether a thing may be let into a hearing, not whether a quantity is safe to swallow every day for a lifetime. So « the admissible daily dose » would be understood and would still be wrong in register: it puts a judge where a committee stands. The term we actually use is « the acceptable daily intake », and both halves have moved. « Acceptable » carries admissível, and « intake » — a plain compound of « in » and « take » — carries dose, because the figure covers what is eaten and drunk and nothing that arrives by any other road.

The words

Noun (f) (18)

Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo

a dose limiarthe threshold doseNoun (f)C2
Abaixo da dose limiar não se observa efeito.Below the threshold dose no effect can be seen.
a dose sem efeito adversothe no-observed-adverse-effect doseNoun (f)C2
A dose sem efeito adverso vem sempre de um ensaio concreto.The no-observed-adverse-effect dose always comes out of one particular study.
a dose diária admissívelthe acceptable daily intakeNoun (f)C2
A dose diária admissível já inclui uma margem larga.The acceptable daily intake already has a wide margin built into it.
a via de exposiçãothe route of exposureNoun (f)C2
A via de exposição muda tudo no cálculo.The route of exposure changes everything in the calculation.
a inalaçãothe inhalationNoun (f)C2
A inalação leva a substância direta aos pulmões.Inhalation carries the substance straight into the lungs.
a absorção cutâneathe skin absorptionNoun (f)C2
A absorção cutânea aumenta com a pele ferida.Absorption through the skin rises where the skin is broken.
a bioativaçãothe bioactivationNoun (f)C2
A bioativação acontece sobretudo no fígado.Bioactivation takes place above all in the liver.
a bioacumulaçãothe bioaccumulationNoun (f)C2
A bioacumulação faz subir a carga ao longo da cadeia alimentar.Bioaccumulation drives the burden upwards along the food chain.
a toxicidade agudathe acute toxicityNoun (f)C2
A toxicidade aguda mostra-se em horas.Acute toxicity shows itself within hours.
a toxicidade crónicathe chronic toxicityNoun (f)C2
A toxicidade crónica só aparece ao fim de anos.Chronic toxicity comes to light only after years.
a toxicidade hepáticathe liver toxicityNoun (f)C2
A toxicidade hepática vê-se primeiro nas análises.Liver toxicity turns up first in the laboratory values.
a toxicidade renalthe kidney toxicityNoun (f)C2
A toxicidade renal obriga a beber muito.Kidney toxicity makes it necessary to drink a great deal.
a neurotoxicidadethe neurotoxicityNoun (f)C2
A neurotoxicidade começa com formigueiro nas mãos.Neurotoxicity starts with a tingling in the hands.
a genotoxicidadethe genotoxicityNoun (f)C2
A genotoxicidade é ensaiada em culturas de células.Genotoxicity is tested on cell cultures.
a quelaçãothe chelationNoun (f)C2
A quelação prende o metal e leva-o para fora.Chelation grips the metal and carries it out.
a descontaminaçãothe decontaminationNoun (f)C2
A descontaminação começa com tirar a roupa.Decontamination begins with taking the clothes off.
a biomonitorizaçãothe biological monitoringNoun (f)C2
A biomonitorização mede o que já entrou no corpo.Biological monitoring measures what has already entered the body.
a extrapolação por analogiathe extrapolation by analogyNoun (f)C2
A extrapolação por analogia poupa ensaios, mas exige justificação.Extrapolation by analogy saves tests, but it has to be justified.

Noun (m) (7)

Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo

o metabolitothe metaboliteNoun (m)C2
O metabolito pode ser mais perigoso do que a substância original.A metabolite can be more dangerous than the parent substance.
o órgão-alvothe target organNoun (m)C2
O órgão-alvo desta substância é o rim.The target organ of this substance is the kidney.
o cancerígenothe carcinogenNoun (m)C2
O cancerígeno foi retirado do processo de fabrico.The carcinogen was taken out of the manufacturing process.
o teratogéniothe teratogenNoun (m)C2
O teratogénio atua na fase em que os órgãos se formam.A teratogen acts at the stage when the organs are being formed.
o antídotothe antidoteNoun (m)C2
O antídoto existe para poucas substâncias.An antidote exists for only a few substances.
o valor limite de exposição profissionalthe occupational exposure limit valueNoun (m)C2
O valor limite de exposição profissional refere-se a um turno inteiro.The occupational exposure limit value refers to a whole shift.
o centro de informação antivenenosthe poisons information centreNoun (m)C2
O centro de informação antivenenos atende a qualquer hora.The poisons information centre can be reached at any hour.

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