Share, mean, sample, spread — the words without which a figure standing in a text cannot be placed.
Practise this list
From these 50 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list
The eighteenth entry is a tendência, and English will not let one word do what this one does. Two are waiting, and they are not interchangeable. « A trend » is what a line does over time: a rising trend, a downward trend, the trend in unemployment. It was an English verb long before it was a noun, since trendan in Old English meant to turn or to roll, so the word carries movement in it and nothing else. « A tendency » arrived much later out of the Latin tendere, to stretch, and it settled on people and on whatever behaves like a person: a tendency to exaggerate, a tendency to seize up, a worrying tendency in the party. It names a disposition, and usually one somebody would rather not have. Put the wrong one on a chart and the sentence changes owner, because « the tendency in the figures » sounds as though the figures had a character. The rule is short: if it is measured, write trend; if it is a habit, write tendency. Note too that only the first has an everyday adjective, « trendy », which has left the numbers behind.
The words
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Verb (2)
duplicarto doubleVerbB2
O valor duplicou desde o início.The value has doubled since the start.
estagnarto stagnateVerbB2
As vendas estagnam desde o verão.Sales have been stagnating since the summer.
O valor central resiste melhor aos extremos.The median stands up better to extreme values.
o desvio-padrãothe standard deviationNoun (m)B2
O desvio-padrão diz quanto os valores se afastam.The standard deviation says how far the values lie from the centre.
o universo estatísticothe statistical populationNoun (m)B2
O universo estatístico está mal definido.The statistical population has been poorly defined.
o instituto de sondagensthe polling instituteNoun (m)B2
O instituto de sondagens trabalhou num único dia.The polling institute worked on a single day.
o intervalo de confiançathe confidence intervalNoun (m)B2
O intervalo de confiança ainda contém o zero.The confidence interval still contains zero.
o ponto percentualthe percentage pointNoun (m)B2
A quota passou de vinte para vinte e cinco, ou seja cinco pontos percentuais.The share went from twenty to twenty-five, that is five percentage points.
o acréscimothe increaseNoun (m)B2
O acréscimo parou na primavera.The increase stopped in the spring.
o gráficothe chartNoun (m)B2
O gráfico começa em oitenta, não em zero.The chart starts at eighty, not at zero.
o eixothe axisNoun (m)B2
O eixo vertical não está legendado.The vertical axis carries no label.
o valor atípicothe outlierNoun (m)B2
Um único valor atípico desloca a média.A single outlier shifts the mean.
o arredondamentothe roundingNoun (m)B2
O arredondamento explica a soma de cento e um.Rounding explains the total of a hundred and one.
o número de casosthe number of casesNoun (m)B2
O número de casos é baixo demais para concluir.The number of cases is too small to draw a conclusion.
o enviesamento de seleçãothe selection biasNoun (m)B2
O enviesamento de seleção falseia o resultado à partida.Selection bias distorts the result from the outset.
o inquérito por amostragemthe sample surveyNoun (m)B2
O inquérito por amostragem cobre cinco regiões.The sample survey covers five regions.
o questionáriothe questionnaireNoun (m)B2
O questionário já orienta a resposta.The questionnaire already steers the answer.
o dado em brutothe raw figureNoun (m)B2
Os dados em bruto não são publicados.The raw figures are not published.
o limiar de significânciathe significance thresholdNoun (m)B2
O resultado passa à justa o limiar de significância.The result clears the significance threshold by a whisker.
