C1 · 46 words
Court and procedure in Portuguese
From the claim form to enforcement — the words a Portuguese judgment is written in.
Practise this list
From these 46 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list
Thirty-second on this list is o arresto, and it does to property what « arrest » in English does to people. A Portuguese court orders o arresto when a creditor fears the money will be gone before judgment: the account is frozen, the lorry is immobilised, the flat cannot be sold. Nobody is taken anywhere and nobody is charged with anything. For that Portuguese uses a detenção and a prisão preventiva, which belong to another body of law and another page. English reaches for different words in the civil courts: assets are « frozen », goods are « attached », and what a claimant applies for is a « freezing injunction ». The one place where English still arrests a thing rather than a person is at sea, because a ship is « arrested » in the Admiralty Court to secure a claim — which is exactly what o arresto does on dry land. So the sentence under this entry, granted without hearing the other side, is about a bank account that stopped moving, and not about anybody spending a night in a cell.
The words
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Adjective (1)
Grammar for these: Adjective agreement · Where the adjective stands
exequívelenforceableAdjectiveC1
A decisão é imediatamente exequível.The decision is enforceable at once.
Phrase (1)
interpor recursoto lodge an appealPhraseC1
Interpôs recurso no prazo de trinta dias.He lodged an appeal within thirty days.
Noun (f) (30)
Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo
a ação declarativathe declaratory actionNoun (f)C1
A ação declarativa apura se o direito existe.The declaratory action establishes whether the right exists.
a ação executivathe enforcement actionNoun (f)C1
A ação executiva pressupõe um título.An enforcement action presupposes an enforceable instrument.
a causa de pedirthe cause of actionNoun (f)C1
A causa de pedir não pode ser alterada depois.The cause of action cannot be changed afterwards.
a contestaçãothe defenceNoun (f)C1
A contestação impugna cada facto alegado.The defence disputes every fact alleged.
a reveliathe defaultNoun (f)C1
A revelia faz presumir os factos alegados.Default makes the facts alleged presumed true.
a citação editalthe service by public noticeNoun (f)C1
Foi ordenada a citação edital por paradeiro incerto.Service by public notice was ordered because the address was unknown.
a nulidade processualthe procedural irregularityNoun (f)C1
A nulidade processual foi arguida em tempo.The procedural irregularity was raised in time.
a audiência de julgamentothe trial hearingNoun (f)C1
A audiência de julgamento decorreu em dois dias.The trial hearing ran over two days.
a prova testemunhalthe witness evidenceNoun (f)C1
A prova testemunhal foi produzida na primeira sessão.The witness evidence was taken at the first sitting.
a prova documentalthe documentary evidenceNoun (f)C1
A prova documental junta-se com a petição.Documentary evidence is filed together with the claim form.
a períciathe expert examinationNoun (f)C1
O tribunal ordenou uma perícia colegial.The court ordered an examination by a panel of experts.
a decisão sumáriathe decision of the single judgeNoun (f)C1
O relator proferiu decisão sumária.The reporting judge gave a decision sitting alone.
a matéria de factothe findings of factNoun (f)C1
A Relação pode reapreciar a matéria de facto.The appeal court may review the findings of fact afresh.
a dupla conformethe two concurring judgmentsNoun (f)C1
A dupla conforme impede a subida ao Supremo.Two concurring judgments bar the way to the supreme court.
a fundamentaçãothe reasons for the judgmentNoun (f)C1
A fundamentação ocupa doze páginas.The reasons run to twelve pages.
a parte decisóriathe operative part of the judgmentNoun (f)C1
Só a parte decisória é executável.Only the operative part can be enforced.
a procedência da açãothe success of the claimNoun (f)C1
O tribunal decidiu pela procedência da ação.The court found for the claimant.
a improcedênciathe dismissal of the claimNoun (f)C1
A improcedência foi fundamentada em três linhas.The dismissal was reasoned in three lines.
as custas processuaisthe costs of the proceedingsNoun (f)C1
As custas processuais ficam a cargo da parte vencida.The costs of the proceedings fall on the losing side.
a taxa de justiçathe court feeNoun (f)C1
A taxa de justiça é paga no início.The court fee is paid at the outset.
a dispensa de pagamentothe exemption from the feeNoun (f)C1
Obteve a dispensa de pagamento da taxa.She obtained an exemption from the fee.
a penhorathe seizure in executionNoun (f)C1
A penhora incidiu sobre a conta bancária.The seizure fell on the bank account.
a providência cautelarthe interim measureNoun (f)C1
Obteve uma providência cautelar em dois dias.She obtained an interim measure within two days.
a oposição à execuçãothe objection to enforcementNoun (f)C1
A oposição à execução suspende o processo.An objection to enforcement stays the proceedings.
a exceção perentóriathe defence that defeats the claimNoun (f)C1
Invocou a exceção perentória de prescrição.He raised limitation as a defence that defeats the claim.
a prescrição do direitothe limitation of the rightNoun (f)C1
A prescrição do direito é de vinte anos.The right is barred after twenty years.
a caducidade do direitothe lapse of the rightNoun (f)C1
A caducidade do direito não se suspende.This time limit does not stop running.
a transação judicialthe settlement approved by the courtNoun (f)C1
As partes celebraram uma transação judicial.The parties reached a settlement approved by the court.
a competência materialthe subject-matter jurisdictionNoun (f)C1
A competência material é do tribunal de comércio.The commercial court has jurisdiction over the subject matter.
a procuração forensethe authority to act in the proceedingsNoun (f)C1
A procuração forense junta-se ao processo.The authority to act is placed on the court file.
Noun (m) (14)
Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo
o aperfeiçoamento da petiçãothe correction of the claim formNoun (m)C1
O juiz convidou ao aperfeiçoamento da petição.The judge invited the claimant to put the claim form right.
o pedidothe relief soughtNoun (m)C1
O pedido tem de ser certo e determinado.The relief sought must be certain and precisely defined.
o articuladothe pleadingNoun (m)C1
Cada articulado tem prazo próprio.Each pleading has a time limit of its own.
o despacho saneadorthe case management orderNoun (m)C1
O despacho saneador delimita o objeto do litígio.The case management order marks out the matter in dispute.
o acórdãothe judgment of a full courtNoun (m)C1
O acórdão da Relação confirmou a decisão.The judgment of the appeal court upheld the decision below.
o Supremo Tribunal de Justiçathe supreme courtNoun (m)C1
O Supremo Tribunal de Justiça só aprecia o direito.The supreme court looks at questions of law only.
o recurso de apelaçãothe appealNoun (m)C1
O recurso de apelação sobe com efeito devolutivo.An appeal does not by itself halt enforcement.
o trânsito em julgadothe finality of the judgmentNoun (m)C1
Com o trânsito em julgado a causa termina.Once the judgment is final the case is at an end.
o título executivothe enforceable instrumentNoun (m)C1
Sem título executivo não há execução.Without an enforceable instrument there is no execution.
o arrestothe freezing of assetsNoun (m)C1
O arresto foi decretado sem ouvir a outra parte.The freezing order was made without hearing the other side.
o agente de execuçãothe enforcement agentNoun (m)C1
O agente de execução apresentou-se às oito.The enforcement agent turned up at eight.
o objeto do litígiothe matter in disputeNoun (m)C1
O objeto do litígio foi fixado no saneador.The matter in dispute was settled in the case management order.
o julgado de pazthe small claims courtNoun (m)C1
O julgado de paz decide em poucas semanas.This court decides within a few weeks.
o contraditóriothe right of each side to be heardNoun (m)C1
O contraditório tem de ser assegurado.Each side must be given the chance to answer.
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This list belongs to Law and contracts — 32 lists and 1 264 words that can also be practised as a whole.