A2 · 45 words
Everyday words for daily life in Polish
You have to, you can, it’s worth it; whole, self, no; unfortunately, probably, almost, even; because, although, than; matter, reason, part.
Practise this list
From these 45 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list
Three words here do the job of English sentences with “you” or “one”: trzeba “you have to, it’s necessary”, można “you can, you may”, warto “it’s worth it”. They have no subject and no ending; the infinitive simply follows: trzeba kupić chleb. And then there is swój, “one’s own”, for every person, used when the owner is the subject of the sentence. English “her” is ambiguous here, Polish is not: Ania czyta swoją książkęis Ania’s own bookAnia czyta jej książkęanother woman’s
The words
Adjective (6)
caływhole, allAdjectiveA2
Declined like an adjective: cała noc, całe miasto.
innyother, differentAdjectiveA2
Declined like an adjective.
różnydifferent, variousAdjectiveA2
prawdziwyreal, trueAdjectiveA2
możliwypossibleAdjectiveA2
Often neuter with no noun: to możliwe.
potrzebnyneeded, necessaryAdjectiveA2
Literally “is a passport needed?”.
Adverb (11)
trzebait is necessary, you have toAdverbA2
Impersonal, followed by the infinitive. Past trzeba było.
możnayou can, you may, it is allowedAdverbA2
Impersonal, followed by the infinitive. Negated: nie można “you mustn’t, it isn’t allowed”.
wartoit is worth (it)AdverbA2
Impersonal, followed by the infinitive.
naprawdęreallyAdverbA2
prawiealmost, nearlyAdverbA2
dużoa lot, much, manyAdverbA2
Followed by the genitive: dużo ludzi, dużo czasu.
małolittle, fewAdverbA2
Followed by the genitive.
więcejmoreAdverbA2
Followed by the genitive. “Not any more”: już nie.
mniejless, fewerAdverbA2
Followed by the genitive.
dośćenough; quite, ratherAdverbA2
Also “quite”: dość drogo. Same meaning: dosyć.
raczejrather; probablyAdverbA2
Pronoun (4)
swójone’s own (my, your, his, her…)PronounA2
When the owner is the subject: swój, swoja, swoje, for every person.
sam(one)self; alonePronounA2
Declined like an adjective: sam, sama, samo.
wszyscyeveryone, allPronounA2
For groups with men; only women, children or things: wszystkie.
żadenno, none, not anyPronounA2
With nie on the verb. żaden, żadna, żadne.
Conjunction (7)
niżthanConjunctionA2
After a comparative: większy niż, lepiej niż. Note niż ja, the subject form.
anineither… nor; not evenConjunctionA2
Always with nie on the verb.
dlategothat’s why, soConjunctionA2
“Because” (that’s the reason): dlatego, że.
ponieważbecause, sinceConjunctionA2
More formal than bo; it can also open a sentence.
gdywhenConjunctionA2
A little more formal than kiedy.
jednakhowever; after allConjunctionA2
Also “after all”: jednak przyjdę “I’ll come after all”.
chociażalthough, thoughConjunctionA2
Short form: choć.
Numeral (1)
kilkaa few, severalNumeralA2
Followed by the genitive plural: kilka dni. For men: kilku.
Particle (6)
niestetyunfortunatelyParticleA2
chybaprobably, I thinkParticleA2
A cautious guess; chyba nie “I don’t think so”.
takżealso, as wellParticleA2
A little more formal than też.
nawetevenParticleA2
przecieżafter all, you knowParticleA2
Reminds somebody of something they know; English often uses a tag question.
właśniejust; exactlyParticleA2
Also agreeing: Właśnie! “Exactly!”
Noun (f) (6)
sprawamatter, business, issueNoun (f)A2
Something to deal with; a physical thing is rzecz.
częśćpartNoun (f)A2
Feminine, although it ends in a consonant. “Hi” is cześć — one letter apart.
połowahalfNoun (f)A2
Followed by the genitive: połowa klasy.
prawdatruthNoun (f)A2
At the end of a sentence: prawda? “isn’t it?”; “that’s true”: to prawda.
pomochelpNoun (f)A2
Feminine, although it ends in a consonant. A cry for help: Pomocy!
informacjainformation; information deskNoun (f)A2
Countable, unlike English: dwie informacje.
Noun (m) (4)
sposóbway, methodNoun (m)A2
masculine, inanimate. ó becomes o: sposobu; “in this way”: w ten sposób.
powódreasonNoun (m)A2
masculine, inanimate. ó becomes o: powodu.
rodzajkind, sort; gender (grammar)Noun (m)A2
masculine, inanimate. Also grammatical gender: rodzaj męski.
kawałekpiece, bitNoun (m)A2
masculine, inanimate. The e drops: kawałka; the genitive follows.
This list belongs to Greeting, talking, giving opinions — six lists and 261 words that can also be practised as a whole.