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C2  ·  24 words

Lubricants and tribology in Portuguese

What lies between two surfaces so that they do not eat each other away.

Practise this list

From these 24 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.

More about this list

Entry twelve is a escoriação, and an English reader who meets it in a gearbox report has met it before in a hospital one. Behind both stands the Latin excoriare, built from ex-, off, and corium, hide: to take the skin off something. English borrowed the word whole and kept it on flesh. « Excoriation » is a graze, a patch of skin rubbed away, and to « excoriate » a colleague is to flay them in words. Nothing in that family was ever let near steel. Portuguese kept the medical sense too, and then let the picture travel: a escoriação is also what a tooth flank looks like once the oil film has thinned, the fine scoring that comes before the two surfaces weld. The term therefore says what the damage actually is, which is that the surface has been skinned. The English word on the datasheet is « scuffing », a plain Germanic noun that carries no hide in it at all, so the image Portuguese hands a reader for nothing has to be learnt here separately, as a label.

The words

Noun (m) (13)

Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo

o índice de viscosidadethe viscosity indexNoun (m)C2
Um índice de viscosidade alto significa menos variação com o calor.A high viscosity index means less change with heat.
o óleo de basethe base oilNoun (m)C2
O óleo de base é a maior parte do produto.The base oil makes up most of the product.
o pacote de aditivosthe additive packageNoun (m)C2
O pacote de aditivos gasta-se antes do óleo.The additive package is used up before the oil is.
o ponto de fluidezthe pour pointNoun (m)C2
Abaixo do ponto de fluidez o óleo deixa de correr.Below the pour point the oil stops flowing.
o agente espessantethe thickenerNoun (m)C2
O agente espessante segura o óleo dentro da massa.The thickener holds the oil inside the grease.
o ponto de gotathe dropping pointNoun (m)C2
A massa amolece muito antes do ponto de gota.The grease softens long before the dropping point.
o aditivo de extrema pressãothe extreme-pressure additiveNoun (m)C2
O aditivo de extrema pressão só reage com calor.The extreme-pressure additive only reacts once there is heat.
o aditivo antidesgastethe anti-wear additiveNoun (m)C2
O aditivo antidesgaste forma uma camada sobre o metal.The anti-wear additive forms a layer on top of the metal.
o detergentethe detergent (additive)Noun (m)C2
O detergente impede os depósitos nas superfícies quentes.The detergent keeps deposits off the hot surfaces.
o dispersantethe dispersantNoun (m)C2
O dispersante mantém as partículas separadas no óleo.The dispersant keeps the particles apart in the oil.
o índice de acidez totalthe total acid numberNoun (m)C2
O índice de acidez total sobe com o envelhecimento.The total acid number rises as the oil ages.
o metal de desgastethe wear metalNoun (m)C2
O metal de desgaste diz qual é a peça que está a sofrer.The wear metal tells you which part is suffering.
o lubrificante sólidothe solid lubricantNoun (m)C2
O lubrificante sólido trabalha onde o óleo não fica.The solid lubricant works where oil will not stay.

Noun (f) (11)

Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo

a lubrificação limiteboundary lubricationNoun (f)C2
No arranque há lubrificação limite e as superfícies tocam-se.At start-up there is boundary lubrication and the surfaces touch.
a película hidrodinâmicathe hydrodynamic filmNoun (f)C2
A película hidrodinâmica só se forma com velocidade.The hydrodynamic film only builds up once there is speed.
a espessura da películathe film thicknessNoun (f)C2
A espessura da película mede-se em micrómetros.Film thickness is measured in micrometres.
a estabilidade ao corteshear stabilityNoun (f)C2
A estabilidade ao corte diz se o óleo perde viscosidade em serviço.Shear stability tells you whether the oil loses viscosity in service.
a gripagemseizureNoun (f)C2
A gripagem deixa o metal arrancado em placas.Seizure leaves the metal torn away in patches.
a escoriaçãoscuffingNoun (f)C2
A escoriação aparece como riscos finos no flanco do dente.Scuffing shows up as fine scratches on the tooth flank.
a corrosão por atritofretting corrosionNoun (f)C2
A corrosão por atrito nasce onde nada devia mexer.Fretting corrosion starts where nothing was supposed to move.
a estabilidade à oxidaçãooxidation stabilityNoun (f)C2
A estabilidade à oxidação decide a vida do óleo.Oxidation stability decides how long the oil lasts.
a análise do óleooil analysisNoun (f)C2
A análise do óleo revela a avaria antes do ruído.Oil analysis reveals the fault before the noise does.
a classe de limpezathe cleanliness classNoun (f)C2
A classe de limpeza é exigida nos sistemas hidráulicos.A cleanliness class is required in hydraulic systems.
a miscibilidademiscibilityNoun (f)C2
A miscibilidade entre duas massas raramente é garantida.Miscibility between two greases is rarely guaranteed.

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