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C1 · 40 words
Laboratory medicine in Portuguese
Blood count, reference range, culture, report — the sheet you hold in your hand in front of the doctor.
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From these 40 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list The eighth entry is a fórmula leucocitária , and it is the one line on this sheet an English reader should not carry over word for word. « Formula » in English is a rule written in symbols, a set of words repeated unchanged, or, in a British chemist’s, the milk a baby is fed on. None of those is what the Portuguese phrase names. It names the breakdown of the white cells into their kinds, and a British laboratory prints that as « differential white cell count », which a doctor shortens on the ward to « the differential ». The trap is narrow and therefore easy to walk into, because a fórmula and « formula » agree almost everywhere else: a fórmula química , uma fórmula matemática , uma fórmula de cortesia . It is only in the laboratory that the two part company. The same habit governs the entries beside it, where o hemograma is a « full blood count » and o ionograma is « urea and electrolytes ». Portuguese names these panels with Greek and Latin; a British report names them by what is counted, and that plainer name is the one to reach for.
The words
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Verb (2)
dosear to assay Verb C1 A vitamina D doseia-se uma vez por ano. Vitamin D is assayed once a year.
centrifugar to centrifuge Verb C1 A amostra tem de ser centrifugada dentro de uma hora. The specimen has to be centrifuged within an hour.
Noun (m) (15)
Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo
o laboratório de análises the clinical laboratory Noun (m) C1 O laboratório de análises abre às sete. The clinical laboratory opens at seven.
o tubo the sample tube Noun (m) C1 Cada tubo tem a tampa de uma cor. Each tube has a cap of its own colour.
o hemograma the full blood count Noun (m) C1 O hemograma mostra um desequilíbrio. The full blood count shows an imbalance.
os glóbulos vermelhos the red blood cells Noun (m) C1 Os glóbulos vermelhos transportam o oxigénio. The red blood cells carry the oxygen.
os glóbulos brancos the white blood cells Noun (m) C1 Os glóbulos brancos sobem em caso de infeção. The white blood cells rise when there is an infection.
o hematócrito the haematocrit Noun (m) C1 O hematócrito sobe quando se bebe pouco. The haematocrit rises when you drink too little.
o colesterol the cholesterol Noun (m) C1 O colesterol lê-se em duas frações. Cholesterol is read in two fractions.
os triglicéridos the triglycerides Noun (m) C1 Os triglicéridos reagem à última refeição. The triglycerides react to the last meal.
o ionograma the electrolyte profile Noun (m) C1 O ionograma mostra falta de potássio. The electrolyte profile shows a shortage of potassium.
o tempo de protrombina the prothrombin time Noun (m) C1 O tempo de protrombina orienta a dose. The prothrombin time guides the dose.
o antibiograma the antibiotic sensitivity report Noun (m) C1 O antibiograma diz que fármaco ainda atua. The antibiotic sensitivity report says which drug still works.
o valor de referência the reference range Noun (m) C1 O valor de referência depende do laboratório. The reference range depends on the laboratory.
o valor alterado the abnormal result Noun (m) C1 Um só valor alterado não faz um diagnóstico. A single abnormal result is not a diagnosis.
o prazo de resposta the turnaround time Noun (m) C1 O prazo de resposta é de vinte e quatro horas. The turnaround time is twenty-four hours.
o analista clínico the consultant pathologist Noun (m) C1 O analista clínico assina o resultado. The consultant pathologist signs the result.
Noun (f) (23)
Grammar for these: Definite article: o, a, os, as · Contractions: do, na, ao, pelo
a amostra biológica the specimen Noun (f) C1 A amostra biológica leva um rótulo e mais nada. The specimen carries a label and nothing else.
a agulha the needle Noun (f) C1 A agulha é mais fina do que parece. The needle is finer than it looks.
a hemólise haemolysis Noun (f) C1 A hemólise inutiliza o tubo. Haemolysis makes the tube unusable.
a rotulagem the labelling of the specimen Noun (f) C1 Uma rotulagem duvidosa faz rejeitar a amostra. Doubtful labelling gets the specimen rejected.
a fórmula leucocitária the differential white cell count Noun (f) C1 A fórmula leucocitária distingue os tipos de células. The differential white cell count tells the types of cell apart.
a hemoglobina the haemoglobin Noun (f) C1 A hemoglobina está baixa desde a operação. The haemoglobin has been low since the operation.
as plaquetas the platelets Noun (f) C1 As plaquetas fecham a ferida. The platelets close the wound.
a glicemia the blood sugar Noun (f) C1 A glicemia mede-se em jejum. The blood sugar is measured on an empty stomach.
a creatinina the creatinine Noun (f) C1 A creatinina diz alguma coisa sobre o rim. The creatinine says something about the kidney.
a ureia the urea Noun (f) C1 A ureia sobe com a desidratação. The urea rises with dehydration.
as transaminases the liver enzymes Noun (f) C1 As transaminases voltaram ao normal. The liver enzymes are back to normal.
a bilirrubina the bilirubin Noun (f) C1 A bilirrubina explica a cor da pele. The bilirubin explains the colour of the skin.
a ferritina the ferritin Noun (f) C1 A ferritina mede a reserva de ferro. The ferritin measures the iron store.
a velocidade de sedimentação the erythrocyte sedimentation rate Noun (f) C1 A velocidade de sedimentação continua alta. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is still high.
a proteína C reativa the C-reactive protein Noun (f) C1 A proteína C reativa reage em poucas horas. The C-reactive protein reacts within a few hours.
a coagulação the clotting Noun (f) C1 A coagulação é vigiada durante o tratamento. The clotting is watched during the treatment.
a serologia the serology Noun (f) C1 A serologia diz se houve contacto. The serology says whether there was any contact.
a análise de urina the urine test Noun (f) C1 A análise de urina completa o quadro. The urine test completes the picture.
a tira-teste the test strip Noun (f) C1 A tira-teste dá um primeiro indício. The test strip gives a first indication.
a cultura microbiológica the microbiological culture Noun (f) C1 A cultura microbiológica demora dois dias. The microbiological culture takes two days.
a zaragatoa the swab Noun (f) C1 A zaragatoa faz-se no fundo da garganta. The swab is taken at the back of the throat.
a biópsia the biopsy Noun (f) C1 A biópsia segue para o laboratório no mesmo dia. The biopsy goes to the laboratory on the same day.
a anatomia patológica the histopathology department Noun (f) C1 A anatomia patológica responde numa semana. The histopathology department answers within a week.
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