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Conjugation of capire

  • Meaning to understand
  • Level A1
  • Pattern with a stem change: -isc-
  • Auxiliary avere

What is special about this verb

Bold and underlined: the ending. ◆ marks a form that breaks the rule.

Indicative

Imperfettoongoing or habitual past

iocapivo
tucapivi
lui/​leicapiva
noicapivamo
voicapivate
lorocapivano

More on this: Imperfect (imperfetto)

Trapassato prossimopast perfect

ioavevo capito
tuavevi capito
lui/​leiaveva capito
noiavevamo capito
voiavevate capito
loroavevano capito

More on this: Pluperfect (trapassato prossimo)

Futuro anteriorefuture perfect

ioavrò capito
tuavrai capito
lui/​leiavrà capito
noiavremo capito
voiavrete capito
loroavranno capito

More on this: Future perfect (futuro anteriore)

Conditional

Condizionale presenteconditional

iocapirei
tucapiresti
lui/​leicapirebbe
noicapiremmo
voicapireste
lorocapirebbero

More on this: Conditional (condizionale)

Condizionale passatoconditional perfect

ioavrei capito
tuavresti capito
lui/​leiavrebbe capito
noiavremmo capito
voiavreste capito
loroavrebbero capito

More on this: Third conditional: se avessi saputo

Subjunctive

Congiuntivo presentepresent subjunctive

iocapisca
tucapisca
lui/​leicapisca
noicapiamo
voicapiate
lorocapiscano

More on this: Subjunctive: the forms

Congiuntivo trapassatopluperfect subjunctive

ioavessi capito
tuavessi capito
lui/​leiavesse capito
noiavessimo capito
voiaveste capito
loroavessero capito

More on this: Third conditional: se avessi saputo

Imperative

Imperativo negativonegative imperative

tunon capire
Leinon capisca
noinon capiamo
voinon capite
Loronon capiscano

More on this: The negative imperative

Non-finite forms

Example sentences from the course

Every sentence comes from this course’s word lists or grammar topics. The verb form is highlighted, and the line below says which tense and person it is.

  • Non capisco.I do not understand.

    capisco — Presente · io

  • Poco a poco ha capito la regola.Little by little he understood the rule.

    capito — participio

  • Il lettore capisce subito il punto.The reader grasps the point at once.

    capisce — Presente · lui/lei

  • L’ingegneria inversa smonta per capire.Reverse engineering takes a thing apart in order to understand it.

    capire — infinito

  • Capisci?Do you understand?

    Capisci — Presente · tu; Imperativo · tu · Dropping the subject pronoun

  • Quando sarai grande, capirai.When you are grown up, you will understand.

    capirai — Futuro semplice · tu · The future after quando and se

A common trap

Wrong Noi capisciamo tutto.

Right Noi capiamo tutto.

The -isc- stands in four forms and precisely not in noi and voi. Capisciamo does not exist; it is capiamo. Anybody who treats the insertion as a property of the verb rather than of four particular forms puts it everywhere, and English offers nothing to warn against that, since no English verb changes shape inside its own present tense.

Present tense: -ere, -ire verbs

Quick practice

5 gaps, first from the example sentences above, then from the table. Every answer counts towards your reviews.

Keep going

Verbs with the same pattern

Related grammar topics

The forms are calculated from the rules of the language — twice, in two independent ways — and checked against every hand-written form in this course. The example sentences are the course’s own.