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More about this list Le ganglion lymphatique is the lymph node, and the noun in front of that adjective is one of the cleanest traps in medical French. Both languages took the word from the same Greek ganglion , which named a knot-like swelling under the skin, and then handed it to different parts of the body. English gave it to the nervous system: a « ganglion » is a cluster of nerve cell bodies, as in the basal ganglia or the dorsal root ganglion. The one sense that survives outside anatomy is the soft swelling that grows on a wrist or a tendon sheath, which a surgeon removes. Nobody writing English calls a lymph node a ganglion. French went the other way. Un ganglion , with no adjective at all, is the lymph node, and j’ai des ganglions is what a patient with a sore throat says about swollen glands. The nerve sense is still there, but it has to be marked: le ganglion nerveux . So the adjective in ganglion lymphatique is a clinical formality for a French reader and, for an English one, the whole of the information.
The words
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Adjective (3)
Grammar for these: Adjective agreement · Where the adjective goes
auto-immun autoimmune Adjective C2 Une maladie auto-immune vise le corps lui-même. An autoimmune disease is aimed at the body itself.
infectieux infectious Adjective C2 Le malade reste infectieux quelques jours. The patient stays infectious for a few days.
asymptomatique asymptomatic Adjective C2 Une infection asymptomatique passe inaperçue. An asymptomatic infection goes unnoticed.
Noun (m) (18)
Grammar for these: Definite article: le, la, les · Indefinite article: un, une
l’agent pathogène the pathogen Noun (m) C2 L’agent pathogène franchit d’abord la barrière de la peau. The pathogen first crosses the barrier of the skin.
le virus the virus Noun (m) C2 Le virus a besoin d’une cellule pour se multiplier. A virus needs a cell in order to multiply.
l’antigène the antigen Noun (m) C2 L’antigène est ce que la défense reconnaît. The antigen is what the defence recognises.
le globule blanc the white blood cell Noun (m) C2 Le globule blanc quitte le sang pour gagner le tissu. The white blood cell leaves the blood to reach the tissue.
le lymphocyte the lymphocyte Noun (m) C2 Le lymphocyte circule entre le sang et la lymphe. The lymphocyte travels between the blood and the lymph.
le lymphocyte T the T lymphocyte Noun (m) C2 Le lymphocyte T reconnaît la cellule infectée. The T lymphocyte recognises the infected cell.
le lymphocyte B the B lymphocyte Noun (m) C2 Le lymphocyte B fabrique les anticorps. The B lymphocyte makes the antibodies.
le macrophage the macrophage Noun (m) C2 Le macrophage avale les débris. The macrophage swallows the debris.
le taux d’anticorps the antibody level Noun (m) C2 Le taux d’anticorps baisse avec les mois. The antibody level falls over the months.
le choc anaphylactique the anaphylactic shock Noun (m) C2 Le choc anaphylactique survient en quelques minutes. Anaphylactic shock comes on within a few minutes.
le greffon the graft Noun (m) C2 Le greffon vient d’un donneur compatible. The graft comes from a matching donor.
le rejet du greffon the graft rejection Noun (m) C2 Le rejet du greffon se voit d’abord dans les analyses. Graft rejection shows first in the laboratory results.
le ganglion lymphatique the lymph node Noun (m) C2 Le ganglion lymphatique gonfle près de l’infection. The lymph node swells near the infection.
le portage chronique the chronic carrier state Noun (m) C2 Le portage chronique dure des années sans le moindre symptôme. The chronic carrier state lasts for years without the slightest symptom.
le foyer épidémique the outbreak focus Noun (m) C2 Le foyer épidémique a été circonscrit en une semaine. The outbreak focus was contained within a week.
le taux de reproduction the reproduction number Noun (m) C2 Le taux de reproduction dit combien de personnes un malade contamine. The reproduction number says how many people one patient infects.
le suivi des contacts the contact tracing Noun (m) C2 Le suivi des contacts remonte la chaîne de transmission. Contact tracing works back along the chain of transmission.
l’isolement d’un malade the isolation of a patient Noun (m) C2 L’isolement d’un malade coupe la chaîne. The isolation of a patient cuts the chain.
Noun (f) (18)
Grammar for these: Definite article: le, la, les · Indefinite article: un, une
la bactérie the bacterium Noun (f) C2 La bactérie se multiplie toute seule. A bacterium multiplies on its own.
la réponse immunitaire the immune response Noun (f) C2 La réponse immunitaire met quelques jours à s’installer. The immune response takes a few days to establish itself.
l’immunité innée the innate immunity Noun (f) C2 L’immunité innée agit avant toute reconnaissance précise. Innate immunity acts before any precise recognition.
l’immunité acquise the acquired immunity Noun (f) C2 L’immunité acquise garde la mémoire de la rencontre. Acquired immunity keeps the memory of the encounter.
la cytokine the cytokine Noun (f) C2 La cytokine appelle d’autres cellules sur place. The cytokine calls other cells to the spot.
l’inflammation the inflammation Noun (f) C2 L’inflammation rougit et chauffe la zone. The inflammation reddens and warms the area.
la réaction fébrile the febrile reaction Noun (f) C2 La réaction fébrile suit souvent la première dose. The febrile reaction often follows the first dose.
la séroconversion the seroconversion Noun (f) C2 La séroconversion se voit dans une prise de sang. Seroconversion shows up in a blood sample.
la dose de rappel the booster dose Noun (f) C2 La dose de rappel relance la mémoire immunitaire. The booster dose starts the immune memory up again.
l’immunité collective the herd immunity Noun (f) C2 L’immunité collective protège aussi ceux qui ne sont pas vaccinés. Herd immunity protects those who are not vaccinated as well.
la substance allergisante the allergenic substance Noun (f) C2 Une substance allergisante ne déclenche la réaction que chez quelques personnes. An allergenic substance sets off the reaction in only a few people.
l’histamine the histamine Noun (f) C2 L’histamine fait gonfler la muqueuse. Histamine makes the mucous membrane swell.
l’immunosuppression the immunosuppression Noun (f) C2 L’immunosuppression rend dangereuses des infections banales. Immunosuppression makes ordinary infections dangerous.
la compatibilité tissulaire the tissue compatibility Noun (f) C2 La compatibilité tissulaire décide de l’attribution. Tissue compatibility decides the allocation.
la moelle osseuse the bone marrow Noun (f) C2 La moelle osseuse fabrique les cellules du sang. The bone marrow makes the cells of the blood.
la rate the spleen Noun (f) C2 La rate filtre le sang et abrite des cellules de défense. The spleen filters the blood and houses defence cells.
la flambée épidémique the epidemic flare-up Noun (f) C2 La flambée épidémique a commencé dans un seul service. The epidemic flare-up began on a single ward.
la pandémie the pandemic Noun (f) C2 La pandémie touche plusieurs continents à la fois. The pandemic reaches several continents at once.
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