From these 35 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
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L’intervention précoce is the power a supervisor has to step in before a bank has actually failed, and the adjective inside it is the most reliable false friend on this page. Précoce is the plain French word for early, and it carries no opinion at all: un printemps précoceis an early springun dépistage précoceis early detectionune variété précoceis a crop that ripens ahead of the rest It sits in a statute without raising an eyebrow. « Precocious », which an English reader will hear behind it, has narrowed to almost one use: it is said of a child who is ahead of their years, and even there it is faintly disapproving, the word of somebody who was not charmed. It is never said of a spring, a harvest or a supervisory measure. French does use un enfant précoce, and even there the word stays flat — it is what the school system writes, beside la précocité intellectuelle, where English prefers « gifted » and keeps « precocious » for the raised eyebrow. So l’intervention précoce is early intervention, and nothing further is being said.
le superviseur bancairethe banking supervisorNoun (m)C2
Le superviseur bancaire ne dirige pas la banque.The banking supervisor does not run the bank.
le ratio de levierthe leverage ratioNoun (m)C2
Le ratio de levier ignore la pondération du risque.The leverage ratio takes no notice of the risk weight.
le coussin de liquiditéthe liquidity bufferNoun (m)C2
Le coussin de liquidité doit tenir un mois de sorties.The liquidity buffer has to survive a month of outflows.
le test de résistancethe stress testNoun (m)C2
Le test de résistance suppose une crise, il n’en annonce aucune.A stress test assumes a crisis; it forecasts none.
le plan de résolutionthe resolution planNoun (m)C2
Le plan de résolution est écrit pendant que tout va bien.The resolution plan is written while everything is going well.
le processus de surveillance prudentiellethe supervisory review processNoun (m)C2
Le processus de surveillance prudentielle aboutit à une exigence propre à la banque.The supervisory review process ends in a requirement of the bank’s own.
les fonds propresown fundsNoun (m)C2
Les fonds propres absorbent les pertes avant les créanciers.Own funds absorb the losses before the creditors do.
le retrait d’agrémentthe withdrawal of authorisationNoun (m)C2
Le retrait d’agrément met fin à l’activité.Withdrawal of authorisation puts an end to the business.
le modèle internethe internal modelNoun (m)C2
Le modèle interne doit être approuvé avant d’être utilisé.An internal model has to be approved before it is used.
le mécanisme de surveillance uniquethe single supervisory mechanismNoun (m)C2
Le mécanisme de surveillance unique réunit les autorités nationales.The single supervisory mechanism brings the national authorities together.
le plan de redressementthe recovery planNoun (m)C2
Le plan de redressement est écrit par la banque elle-même.The recovery plan is written by the bank itself.
le renflouement internethe bail-inNoun (m)C2
Le renflouement interne fait payer les créanciers avant l’État.A bail-in makes the creditors pay before the state does.
le coussin contracycliquethe countercyclical bufferNoun (m)C2
Le coussin contracyclique se constitue quand le crédit croît vite.The countercyclical buffer is built up when credit grows quickly.
l’examen de la qualité des actifsthe asset quality reviewNoun (m)C2
L’examen de la qualité des actifs précède souvent un test de résistance.The asset quality review often comes before a stress test.
le manquement à une exigencethe breach of a requirementNoun (m)C2
Un manquement à une exigence est signalé sans délai.A breach of a requirement is reported without delay.
