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EveryLingua

A1

Anfänger

Auf dieser Stufe reicht die Sprache für alles, was man in den ersten Tagen braucht: den eigenen Namen, die Herkunft, den Beruf, die Familie, Zahlen, Uhrzeiten, Essen und Trinken.

Die Sätze sind kurz und stehen für sich. Wer hier ankommt, kann sagen was ist, was er hat und was er möchte — noch nicht, was gestern war.

Noch ohne Familie25

Being and having

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A1ser — being what staysSix forms, none regular — and no article in front of your job.A1estar — being what passesestar a plus the infinitive is your -ing form, built out of a preposition.A1ser or estar« The soup is cold » is either a recipe or a complaint, and here you have to say which.A1ter — what English says with « be »You are twenty; here you have twenty years.A1há — there is« There is » and « there are » are the same word, and it never goes plural.

The present

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A1The verbs in -arYour only ending is an -s on « he » — and here the -s belongs to « you ».A1The verbs in -er and -irTwo groups, and they part company in exactly one form.A1The six that do it all differentlySix verbs — and one of them has the only infinitive in the language ending in -or.

The article

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A1o, a, os, asFour forms, and nothing about the next word decides which — only the noun's own gender.A1do, na, ao, peloFive prepositions swallow the article, and the unfused form does not exist.A1The indefinite article« She is a doctor » loses its article — and an adjective brings it back.

The noun

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A1Masculine or feminineEnglish has no gender to transfer — but four words in five say theirs out loud.A1The pluralAdding -s is the reflex, and it fails on animal, homem and hotel.

The adjective

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A1AgreementFour forms if it ends in -o, two if it does not — and a two-word colour has one.

The pronouns

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A1Whose it isseu is not « his » — it is « your », and « his » goes behind the noun.

Questions and negation

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A1Asking a questionThe voice goes up and the sentence stays as it is.A1não in front of the verbOne word before the verb — and « yes » is answered with the verb itself.A1The question words« What is your name? » asks with « which » here.

The past

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A1The pretérito perfeitoNo auxiliary at all — there is nothing to choose and nothing to put in front.

The future

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A1ir plus the infinitiveGoing to, minus the to.

Can, want, must

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A1poder and quererThese conjugate all the way through; « can » cannot even manage a participle.

The prepositions

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A1Where and where toYour single « to » is two here, and the difference is whether you come back.A1The three that carry everythingThe fusion is compulsory: there is no de o, no em o, no a o.

Familiar and formal

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A1The three forms of addressThree ways of saying « you », and the polite one conjugates like « he ».A1The phrases you need every day« Thank you » changes with who is speaking, not with who is thanked.