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C2  ·  29 words

Interest representation in Italian

How a position finds its way into a draft law.

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From these 29 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.

More about this list

The twenty-second entry is la petizione pubblica, and the noun matches the English one only where this list happens to stand. « Petition » does three jobs at once. It is the sheet with the signatures on it, which is what this page means. It is a verb, and a common one: to petition the government, to petition for a rehearing. And it is a document filed with a court — a divorce petition, a winding-up petition — which has nothing to do with signatures at all. Italian handed la petizione the first job and no other. It is the paper put before a parliament or an authority, and the constitution names the right to put it there, il diritto di petizione. No verb was ever built on it: petizionare does not exist, and one writes presentare una petizione or rivolgersi al parlamento. For the court paper Italian changes word altogether and says il ricorso or l’istanza, as in il ricorso per divorzio. And where formal English uses « petition » for a plain request, Italian says la richiesta and nothing grander.

The words

Noun (m) (16)

Grammar for these: Definite article: il, lo, la · Indefinite article: un, uno

il registro per la trasparenzathe transparency registerNoun (m)C2
Il registro per la trasparenza elenca chi incontra chi.The transparency register lists who meets whom.
il documento di posizionethe position paperNoun (m)C2
Il documento di posizione arriva prima della consultazione.The position paper arrives before the consultation.
l’onere normativothe regulatory burdenNoun (m)C2
L’onere normativo pesa di più sulle imprese piccole.The regulatory burden weighs more heavily on small firms.
il periodo transitoriothe transitional periodNoun (m)C2
Il periodo transitorio è spesso il vero oggetto della trattativa.The transitional period is often the real subject of the negotiation.
il relatore del provvedimentothe rapporteurNoun (m)C2
Il relatore del provvedimento riordina gli emendamenti.The rapporteur puts the amendments in order.
il relatore ombrathe shadow rapporteurNoun (m)C2
Ogni gruppo nomina il proprio relatore ombra.Every group appoints its own shadow rapporteur.
il finto movimento dal bassothe astroturf campaignNoun (m)C2
Il finto movimento dal basso nasce in un ufficio.The astroturf campaign is born in an office.
il messaggio portantethe core messageNoun (m)C2
Il messaggio portante resta lo stesso in ogni incontro.The core message stays the same in every meeting.
il libro biancothe white paperNoun (m)C2
Il libro bianco propone già una direzione.The white paper already proposes a direction.
il libro verdethe green paperNoun (m)C2
Il libro verde apre la discussione senza decidere.The green paper opens the discussion without deciding.
il rappresentante di interessithe interest representativeNoun (m)C2
Il rappresentante di interessi si iscrive prima di ogni incontro.The interest representative signs in before every meeting.
il parere tecnicothe expert opinionNoun (m)C2
Il parere tecnico viene citato da entrambe le parti.The expert opinion is quoted by both sides.
lo schema di disegno di leggethe draft billNoun (m)C2
Lo schema di disegno di legge circola prima del consiglio.The draft bill circulates before the cabinet meeting.
l’incontro di lobbyingthe lobbying meetingNoun (m)C2
Ogni incontro di lobbying viene annotato con la data.Every lobbying meeting is noted down with the date.
il tetto alle donazionithe cap on donationsNoun (m)C2
Il tetto alle donazioni vale per ogni singolo donatore.The cap on donations applies to each individual donor.
il centro studithe think tankNoun (m)C2
Il centro studi pubblica poco prima del voto.The think tank publishes shortly before the vote.

Noun (f) (13)

Grammar for these: Definite article: il, lo, la · Indefinite article: un, uno

l’impronta legislativathe legislative footprintNoun (f)C2
L’impronta legislativa mostra da dove viene ogni riga.The legislative footprint shows where every line came from.
la deroga miratathe targeted exemptionNoun (f)C2
Una deroga mirata vale solo per un settore.A targeted exemption applies to one sector only.
la costruzione di alleanzecoalition buildingNoun (f)C2
La costruzione di alleanze conta più di un buon argomento.Coalition building counts for more than a good argument.
le porte girevolithe revolving doorNoun (f)C2
Le porte girevoli portano da un ministero a uno studio privato.The revolving door leads from a ministry to a private firm.
la normativa secondariasecondary legislationNoun (f)C2
La normativa secondaria decide i dettagli che contano.Secondary legislation decides the details that matter.
la clausola di scadenzathe sunset clauseNoun (f)C2
La clausola di scadenza fa morire la norma da sola.The sunset clause lets the rule die on its own.
la clausola di riesamethe review clauseNoun (f)C2
La clausola di riesame obbliga a guardare i risultati.The review clause makes somebody look at the results.
la comunicazione istituzionaleinstitutional communicationNoun (f)C2
La comunicazione istituzionale parla a chi decide.Institutional communication speaks to those who decide.
l’associazione di categoriathe trade associationNoun (f)C2
L’associazione di categoria parla per molte imprese insieme.The trade association speaks for many firms at once.
l’organizzazione ombrellothe umbrella organisationNoun (f)C2
L’organizzazione ombrello riunisce le associazioni più piccole.The umbrella organisation brings the smaller associations together.
la petizione pubblicathe public petitionNoun (f)C2
La petizione pubblica arriva in commissione con le firme.The public petition reaches the committee with the signatures.
l’audizione pubblicathe public hearingNoun (f)C2
L’audizione pubblica dura poche ore e vale mesi.The public hearing lasts a few hours and counts for months.
la campagna mediaticathe media campaignNoun (f)C2
La campagna mediatica accompagna il testo in aula.The media campaign accompanies the text into the chamber.

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