B1 · 40 words
Adverbs and connectors
Although, rather, otherwise, so that, according to, in the end and the like.
These are the words that turn sentences into an argument. Several are postpositions in two parts and put the noun before them into the oblique: बारिश के बावजूद, “despite the rain”; चाय के बजाय, “instead of tea”. हालाँकि is often answered by फिर भी in the second half of the sentence, where English would say nothing.
The words
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Adverb (28)
फिर भीeven so; neverthelessAdverbB1
वह बहुत थका हुआ था, फिर भी काम करता रहा।He was very tired, but he kept on working.
नतीजतनas a resultAdverbB1
इस साल बारिश कम हुई, नतीजतन फ़सल ख़राब हो गई।There was little rain this year, and as a result the crop failed.
आख़िरकारfinally; in the endAdverbB1
तीन महीने ढूँढने के बाद आख़िरकार हमें घर मिल गया।After three months of searching we finally found a house.
दरअसलactually; in factAdverbB1
दरअसल, मुझे इस बारे में कुछ पता नहीं था।Actually, I knew nothing about it.
वैसेby the way; otherwiseAdverbB1
वैसे, कल तुम कहाँ थे?By the way, where were you yesterday?
बहरहालanyway; at any rateAdverbB1
बहरहाल, अब इस बारे में बात करने का कोई फ़ायदा नहीं।Anyway, there is no point talking about it now.
कभी-कभारonce in a whileAdverbB1
हम कभी-कभार बाहर खाना खाते हैं।We eat out once in a while.
बार-बारagain and againAdverbB1
बार-बार एक ही ग़लती मत करो।Don’t make the same mistake over and over.
फ़ौरनat once; immediatelyAdverbB1
ख़बर मिलते ही वह फ़ौरन अस्पताल पहुँचा।As soon as he heard the news he went straight to the hospital.
आख़िरafter allAdverbB1
उसे माफ़ कर दो, आख़िर वह तुम्हारा भाई है।Forgive him; he is your brother, after all.
In a question it presses: आख़िर क्यों?, “but why?”.
ख़ासकरespeciallyAdverbB1
मुझे फल पसंद हैं, ख़ासकर आम।I like fruit, especially mangoes.
पूरी तरहcompletely; fullyAdverbB1
अब मैं पूरी तरह ठीक हूँ।I am completely well now.
क़रीब-क़रीबnearly; almostAdverbB1
काम क़रीब-क़रीब पूरा हो गया है।The work is nearly finished.
मुश्किल सेbarely; hardlyAdverbB1
कल रात मैं मुश्किल से चार घंटे सोया।Last night I barely slept four hours.
जानबूझकरon purpose; deliberatelyAdverbB1
उसने जानबूझकर देर की।She was late on purpose.
ग़लती सेby mistakeAdverbB1
मैंने ग़लती से तुम्हारा छाता ले लिया।I took your umbrella by mistake.
संयोग सेby chanceAdverbB1
संयोग से हम दोनों एक ही ट्रेन में थे।By chance we were both on the same train.
सचमुचreally; trulyAdverbB1
क्या तुम सचमुच नौकरी छोड़ रहे हो?Are you really leaving your job?
आपस मेंamong themselves; with each otherAdverbB1
दोनों भाई आपस में बहुत लड़ते हैं।The two brothers fight a lot with each other.
अब तकso far; until nowAdverbB1
अब तक कोई जवाब नहीं आया।No answer has come so far.
तब सेsince thenAdverbB1
वह 2019 में विदेश गया था और तब से नहीं लौटा।He went abroad in 2019 and has not come back since.
पहले सेin advance; alreadyAdverbB1
मैंने टिकट पहले से बुक कर लिया था।I had booked the ticket in advance.
अलबत्ताthough; admittedlyAdverbB1
खाना अच्छा था, अलबत्ता थोड़ा तीखा था।The food was good, though a little spicy.
एकदमcompletely; all of a suddenAdverbB1
दवा लेने के बाद मैं एकदम ठीक हो गया।After taking the medicine I was completely well.
बेवजहfor no reasonAdverbB1
बेवजह परेशान मत होइए, सब ठीक हो जाएगा।Don’t worry for no reason; everything will be fine.
कम से कमat leastAdverbB1
कम से कम एक बार फ़ोन तो कर देते।You could at least have phoned once.
ज़्यादा से ज़्यादाat mostAdverbB1
ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा आधा घंटा लगेगा।It will take half an hour at most.
अपने आपby itself; on its ownAdverbB1
दरवाज़ा अपने आप बंद हो गया।The door closed by itself.
Conjunction (7)
हालाँकिalthoughConjunctionB1
हालाँकि बारिश हो रही थी, फिर भी हम घूमने गए।Although it was raining, we went out anyway.
बल्किbut ratherConjunctionB1
वह आलसी नहीं, बल्कि बीमार है।He is not lazy, he is ill.
After a negative: “not X but rather Y”.
वरनाotherwise; or elseConjunctionB1
जल्दी चलो, वरना ट्रेन छूट जाएगी।Hurry up, or we’ll miss the train.
ताकिso thatConjunctionB1
ज़ोर से बोलिए ताकि पीछे बैठे लोग भी सुन सकें।Speak up so that the people at the back can hear too.
Followed by the subjunctive: सुन सकें.
जबकिwhereas; whileConjunctionB1
मुझे चाय पसंद है, जबकि मेरी पत्नी कॉफ़ी पीती है।I like tea, whereas my wife drinks coffee.
चाहेwhether; no matterConjunctionB1
चाहे कुछ भी हो, मैं कल ज़रूर आऊँगा।Whatever happens, I will definitely come tomorrow.
यानीthat is; in other wordsConjunctionB1
परसों यानी शुक्रवार को दफ़्तर बंद रहेगा।The day after tomorrow, that is Friday, the office will be closed.
Postposition (5)
के बावजूदdespite; in spite ofPostpositionB1
बारिश के बावजूद मैच पूरा हुआ।Despite the rain the match was completed.
के बजायinstead ofPostpositionB1
चाय के बजाय थोड़ा पानी पी लो।Have some water instead of tea.
के ज़रिएby means of; throughPostpositionB1
हमें यह ख़बर एक दोस्त के ज़रिए मिली।We got this news through a friend.
के मुताबिक़according toPostpositionB1
मौसम विभाग के मुताबिक़ कल बारिश होगी।According to the weather office it will rain tomorrow.
के लिहाज़ सेin terms of; as regardsPostpositionB1
क़ीमत के लिहाज़ से यह फ़ोन अच्छा है।In terms of price this phone is good.
This list belongs to Basic words: numbers, time, verbs — 15 lists and 535 words that can also be practised as a whole.
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