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N2  ·  40 words

i-adjectives for sharper description

The i-adjectives that make a description more exact, more vivid or more formal.

Many of these adjectives are built from words you already have, and seeing the parts makes them easier to keep: a verb turns into an adjective of judgement with 〜しい or 〜ましい (疑(うたが)う gives 疑(うたが)わしい, 望(のぞ)む gives 望(のぞ)ましい); a doubled root gives a quality (若々(わかわか)しい, 生々(なまなま)しい); and 苦(くる)しい at the end means oppressive (堅苦(かたくる)しい, 息苦(いきぐる)しい). Several are also sharper or more formal versions of a basic word — 分厚(ぶあつ)い for 厚(あつ)い, 騒々(そうぞう)しい for うるさい — and a few are met as often as adverbs in 〜く as before a noun, such as 著(いちじる)しく and 目覚(めざ)ましく.

The words

This list belongs to The scaffolding — 24 lists and 964 words that can also be practised as a whole.

Practise this list

Multiple choice and gaps, drawn from exactly these 40 words. Whatever you get wrong comes back tomorrow.