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C2  ·  33 words

Vacuum technology in Italian

Where almost nothing is left, and why that is so hard to bring about.

Practise this list

From these 33 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.

More about this list

Fifth in the list stands il libero cammino medio, and the noun in the middle is the one to stop at. English says « path », and a path is a thing: a line on the ground, something that can be swept, fenced or blocked. Italian keeps that thing under another name, il sentiero, the track through a wood, and saves il cammino for the walking itself — the going, the route as it is actually covered. That is why mettersi in cammino is to set off, why a pilgrimage is il Cammino di Santiago, and why the most quoted line in the language opens nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita, halfway along the journey of our life. Applied to a molecule the choice is exact. What is measured is not a corridor between two walls but the distance one particle gets through before it strikes another, which is a journey and nothing else. One letter separates the whole of this from il camino, with a single m, which is a chimney and has no part in any of it.

The words

Noun (m) (15)

Grammar for these: Definite article: il, lo, la · Indefinite article: un, uno

l’intervallo di pressionethe pressure rangeNoun (m)C2
Ogni pompa lavora nel suo intervallo di pressione.Every pump works within its own pressure range.
il vuoto grossolanothe rough vacuumNoun (m)C2
Il vuoto grossolano si raggiunge in pochi minuti.Rough vacuum is reached within a few minutes.
l’alto vuotothe high vacuumNoun (m)C2
In alto vuoto le molecole non si incontrano quasi più.In high vacuum the molecules hardly ever meet.
l’ultra alto vuotothe ultra-high vacuumNoun (m)C2
L’ultra alto vuoto richiede pareti pulitissime.Ultra-high vacuum calls for spotlessly clean walls.
il libero cammino mediothe mean free pathNoun (m)C2
Il libero cammino medio diventa più lungo della camera.The mean free path grows longer than the chamber.
il flusso molecolarethe molecular flowNoun (m)C2
Nel flusso molecolare il gas non si comporta più come un fluido.In molecular flow the gas no longer behaves like a fluid.
il getterthe getterNoun (m)C2
Il getter lega il gas che resta.The getter binds whatever gas is left.
il degassamentothe outgassingNoun (m)C2
Il degassamento delle pareti non finisce mai del tutto.The outgassing of the walls never quite comes to an end.
il riscaldamento sotto vuotothe bake-outNoun (m)C2
Il riscaldamento sotto vuoto dura un giorno intero.The bake-out lasts a whole day.
il tasso di perditathe leak rateNoun (m)C2
Il tasso di perdita si misura, non si indovina.The leak rate is measured, not guessed at.
il vacuometrothe vacuum gaugeNoun (m)C2
Il vacuometro segna ancora troppo.The vacuum gauge still reads too high.
il vacuometro a ionizzazionethe ionisation gaugeNoun (m)C2
Il vacuometro a ionizzazione funziona solo in alto vuoto.The ionisation gauge only works in high vacuum.
il passante elettricothe electrical feedthroughNoun (m)C2
Il passante elettrico porta la corrente dentro senza aprire nulla.The electrical feedthrough brings the current inside without anything being opened.
il rientro d’ariathe ventingNoun (m)C2
Il rientro d’aria si fa con azoto secco.Venting is done with dry nitrogen.
il rischio di implosionethe risk of implosionNoun (m)C2
Il rischio di implosione riguarda i recipienti di vetro.The risk of implosion concerns the glass vessels.

Noun (f) (18)

Grammar for these: Definite article: il, lo, la · Indefinite article: un, uno

la velocità di pompaggiothe pumping speedNoun (f)C2
La velocità di pompaggio cala vicino al limite.Pumping speed falls off close to the limit.
la conduttanzathe conductanceNoun (f)C2
Un tubo stretto e lungo ha poca conduttanza.A long, narrow pipe has little conductance.
la pompa rotativa a palettethe rotary vane pumpNoun (f)C2
La pompa rotativa a palette porta via il primo gas.The rotary vane pump carries the first gas away.
la pompa a spiralethe scroll pumpNoun (f)C2
La pompa a spirale lavora senza olio.The scroll pump runs without oil.
la pompa turbomolecolarethe turbomolecular pumpNoun (f)C2
La pompa turbomolecolare gira a velocità altissima.The turbomolecular pump spins at a very high speed.
la pompa di prevuotothe backing pumpNoun (f)C2
La pompa di prevuoto resta accesa tutto il tempo.The backing pump stays switched on the whole time.
la criopompathe cryopumpNoun (f)C2
La criopompa cattura il gas con il freddo.The cryopump catches the gas with cold.
la perdita virtualethe virtual leakNoun (f)C2
La perdita virtuale nasce da una bolla d’aria chiusa dentro.A virtual leak comes from a bubble of air shut inside.
la perdita realethe real leakNoun (f)C2
La perdita reale si trova con l’elio.A real leak is found with helium.
la prova di tenuta a eliothe helium leak testNoun (f)C2
La prova di tenuta a elio scopre anche i fori più piccoli.The helium leak test picks up even the smallest holes.
la prova di risalita di pressionethe pressure rise testNoun (f)C2
La prova di risalita di pressione distingue le due perdite.The pressure rise test tells the two leaks apart.
la flangiathe flangeNoun (f)C2
La flangia si stringe a croce, mai in fila.A flange is tightened crosswise, never one bolt after another.
la guarnizione di ramethe copper gasketNoun (f)C2
La guarnizione di rame si usa una volta sola.A copper gasket is used once and no more.
la guarnizione elastomericathe elastomer sealNoun (f)C2
La guarnizione elastomerica non regge le alte temperature.An elastomer seal cannot stand high temperatures.
la camera di caricothe load lockNoun (f)C2
La camera di carico evita di aprire tutto il sistema.The load lock saves opening the whole system.
la manipolazione con i guantithe handling with glovesNoun (f)C2
La manipolazione con i guanti evita le impronte.Handling with gloves keeps fingerprints off.
la pulizia dei componentithe cleanliness of the partsNoun (f)C2
La pulizia dei componenti decide il risultato finale.The cleanliness of the parts decides the final result.
la pressione di basethe base pressureNoun (f)C2
La pressione di base si raggiunge dopo giorni.Base pressure is only reached after days.

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