How you get at the rock, and what is left standing once the shift is over.
Practise this list
From these 37 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list
The third entry is il castello di estrazione, the headframe that stands over a shaft, and an English reader is right to see a castle in it. Behind both words lies one Latin pair: castrum, a fort, and its diminutive castellum, a small one. English took castellum through Norman French and got « castle »; it had already taken the plural castra straight into Old English, and that one survives only in place names, the -chester of Manchester and the -caster of Lancaster. Italian kept il castello and never let it settle into stone alone. It is any built frame that stands above something and carries it: il castello di prua at the bow of a ship, il letto a castello that a child climbs into, il castello di carte that falls over, and here the steel tower with the winding sheaves on top. English owns that sense too and keeps it in a single word: « forecastle », the raised structure forward, worn down in speech to « fo’c’sle ». The two languages agree on the fort and part company on the frame, and the frame is what this list needs.
The words
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Phrase (3)
scavare un pozzo minerarioto sink a mine shaftPhraseC1
Per raggiungere il giacimento hanno scavato un pozzo minerario.To reach the deposit they sank a mine shaft.
far brillare la minato fire the shotPhraseC1
A fine turno fanno brillare la mina.At the end of the shift they fire the shot.
determinare il tenoreto assay the gradePhraseC1
In laboratorio determinano il tenore del campione.In the laboratory they assay the grade of the sample.
