Quarrelling and making up

Tenth on this list is il rancore, and English holds the same Latin root in two places without ever noticing that they are one. Behind both stands rancere, to have gone off, to stink — the verb that produced rancidus, which reached English as « rancid » and still says exactly that about butter left out too long. Late Latin then built a noun on the same root, rancor: first the state of having turned, and after that, by a step nobody needs to have explained, a resentment kept past its time. That noun is the ancestor of Italian il rancore and of English « rancour » alike, so the two languages are carrying the very same word. What they are not carrying is the same register. « Rancour » is written here rather than spoken, close to literary, and nobody reaches for it across a kitchen table; il rancore is plain Italian, and non porto rancore is a thing people actually say after a row. Translate it with « grudge », then, and not with its own cousin: non porta rancore a nessuno is she bears nobody a grudge.